The European trade ban on wild birds reduced invasion risks
The European trade ban on wild birds reduced invasion risks
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DOI：
10.1111/conl.12631
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Carrete, Martina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cardador, Laura;Tella, Jose L.;Carrete, Martina
国际野生动物贸易是当前生物入侵的主要来源。然而，贸易法规在整个大陆范围内降低入侵风险的能力尚未得到实证评估。欧洲野鸟贸易禁令于2005年实施，以遏制禽流感的传播。我们测试了这项禁令是否降低了两个欧洲国家的入侵风险，从1912年到2015年，这两个国家引入了398种非本地鸟类。直到2005年，每年新引进的物种数量呈指数级增长(与野生鸟类进口量同步)，然后在随后几年急剧下降。有趣的是，从野生捕获的鸟类到人工饲养的鸟类的快速贸易转变，使得鸟类在市场上的供应得以维持。圈养鸟类的入侵潜力低于野生捕获的鸟类。我们的结果证明了贸易禁令在不影响满足社会需求的能力的情况下防止生物入侵的有效性。
International wildlife trade is a major source of current biological invasions. However, the power of trade regulations to reduce invasion risks at large, continental scales has not been empirically assessed. The European wild bird trade ban was implemented in 2005 to counter the spread of the avian flu. We tested whether the ban reduced invasion risk in two European countries, where 398 nonnative bird species were introduced into the wild from 1912 to 2015. The number of newly introduced species per year increased exponentially until 2005 (in parallel with the volume of wild bird importations), and then sharply decreased in subsequent years. Interestingly, a rapid trade shift from wild-caught birds to captive-bred birds, which have lower invasive potential than wild-caught birds, allowed the maintenance of bird availability in markets. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of a trade ban for preventing biological invasions without impacting the ability to meet societal demands.