Understanding catalytic specificity in alanine racemase from quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical simulations of the arginine 219 mutant.

Understanding catalytic specificity in alanine racemase from quantum mechanical and molecular mechanical simulations of the arginine 219 mutant.
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通过精氨酸 219 突变体的量子力学和分子力学模拟了解丙氨酸消旋酶的催化特异性。

DOI:
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
D. Major
D. Major
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Rubinstein;D. Major

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丙氨酸消旋酶(AlaR)在辅助因子吡哆醛5′-磷酸(PLP)的帮助下催化l-Ala和d-Ala之间的相互转化。野生型酶的PLP中的吡啶氮由于与Arg219相互作用而未质子化,这是PLP依赖性酶中罕见的特征。本文采用量子力学和分子力学相结合的分子动力学模拟方法对Arg219Glu突变体AlaR进行了研究。在这种形式的酶中,plp -吡啶氮被质子化。本研究表明,Arg219Glu突变酶的催化作用是由于溶剂和质子化辅因子固有的稳定作用的结合,而野生型酶的催化作用可能仅归因于溶剂作用。此外,我们发现突变酶中的类醌中间体非常稳定,从而为转氨化等副反应提供了可能。我们表明,由于催化Lys39, PLP中计算得到的1,3质子转移是转氨化过程中可行的副反应。
Alanine racemase (AlaR) catalyzes the interconversion between l-Ala and d-Ala with the aid of the cofactor pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP). The pyridine nitrogen in PLP in the wild-type enzyme is unprotonated due to interaction with Arg219, a rare feature among PLP-dependent enzymes. Herein, we performed combined quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics molecular dynamics simulations to study the Arg219Glu mutant AlaR. In this form of the enzyme, the PLP-pyridine nitrogen is protonated. This study suggests that the catalytic effect in the Arg219Glu mutant enzyme is due to a combined solvent and inherent stabilizing effect of the protonated cofactor, in contrast to the wild-type enzyme where the catalytic effect may be ascribed to solvent effects alone. Furthermore, we find that the quinonoid intermediate is greatly stabilized in the mutant enzyme, opening the possibility for side reactions such as transamination. We show that a computed 1,3-proton transfer in PLP due to the catalytic Lys39 is a feasible side reaction en route to transamination.
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