Distribution and characteristics of soil thickness and effects upon water storage in forested areas of Cambodia
Distribution and characteristics of soil thickness and effects upon water storage in forested areas of Cambodia
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DOI：
10.1002/hyp.6937
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发表时间：
2008-04
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Y. Ohnuki;Chansopheaktra Kimhean;Yoshiki Shinomiya;Jumpei Toriyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Ohnuki;Chansopheaktra Kimhean;Yoshiki Shinomiya;Jumpei Toriyama
土层在水文过程中发挥着重要作用，特别是在森林盆地中。例如，厚土层可以暂时储存雨水并逐渐排出。在湄公河流域，特别是柬埔寨，常绿和落叶林广泛分布。然而，我们没有关于影响森林地区蓄水能力的土壤条件（例如厚度和硬度）的数据。为了阐明湄公河流域下游森林土壤的蓄水作用，我们使用便携式动态锥入度计调查了柬埔寨三个省：磅同省、桔井省和蒙都基里省的土壤厚度分布。 Kampong Thom 的落叶林土壤厚度大于 8 m。在一些常绿森林中，由于特定的颗粒尺寸分布，从雨季到旱季，表观土壤厚度有所不同；例如，旱季土壤坚硬，雨季土壤松软。桔井省以落叶林为主，土壤厚度较浅，不足3 m。蒙杜基里的森林主要形成于玄武岩高原上，土壤厚度大于7 m。这三个省份的土壤厚度和硬度不同，蓄水能力也不同。磅同省Acrisols上分布的常绿森林的最大蓄水量为1350毫米。相比之下，分布在蒙杜尔基里轻土上的落叶林的最小蓄水量为225毫米。我们为磅同省的研究区域构建了土壤厚度图，该区域主要被常绿森林覆盖；土壤厚度分布与海拔有关，海拔每增加1 m，土壤厚度增加0·13 m，除落叶混交沼泽林区外。版权所有 © 2008 约翰·威利父子有限公司
Soil layers play an important role in hydrological processes, particularly in forested basins. For example, thick soil layers can store rainwater temporarily and drain it gradually. In the Mekong River Basin, especially in Cambodia, evergreen and deciduous forests are widely distributed. However, we have no data on soil conditions such as thickness and hardness that affect water storage capacity in forested areas. To clarify the water storage role of forest soils in the lower reaches of the Mekong River Basin, we investigated the distribution of soil thickness using a handy dynamic cone penetrometer in three Cambodian provinces: Kampong Thom, Kratie, and Mondul Kiri. Soil thickness was greater than 8 m in a deciduous forest in Kampong Thom. In some evergreen forests, apparent soil thickness varied from the rainy to dry seasons because of specific grain size distributions; for example, the soils were rock hard in the dry season and soft in the rainy season. In Kratie, deciduous forests prevailed and soil thickness was shallow at less than 3 m. In Mondul Kiri, forests were mainly formed on a basaltic plateau, and soil thickness was greater than 7 m. Soil thickness and hardness differed among the soil types in these three provinces, as did water storage capacity. The maximum water storage capacity was 1350 mm in an evergreen forest distributed on Acrisols in Kampong Thom. In contrast, the minimum water storage capacity was 225 mm in a deciduous forest distributed on Leptosols in Mondul Kiri. We constructed a soil thickness map for the study area in Kampong Thom that was mainly covered with evergreen forest; the distribution of soil thickness was related to elevation, with soil thickness increasing 0·13 m per 1 m increase in elevation, except in a deciduous mixed swamp forest area. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.