Probabilistic models in human sensorimotor control.

Probabilistic models in human sensorimotor control.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.humov.2007.05.005
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发表时间:
2007-08
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Wolpert, Daniel M.
Wolpert, Daniel M.
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wolpert, Daniel M.

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感觉和运动的不确定性构成了人类感觉运动控制的基本约束。贝叶斯决策理论(BDT)已成为理解中枢神经系统如何在面对这种不确定性时进行最佳估计和控制的统一框架。 BDT 有两个组成部分:贝叶斯统计和决策理论。在这里,我们回顾贝叶斯统计数据,并展示它如何应用于估计世界和我们自己身体的状态。最近的结果表明,当学习新任务时,我们能够学习世界和我们自己的感觉器官的统计特性,以便使用贝叶斯统计进行估计。我们回顾了一些研究,这些研究表明人类可以结合多个信息源来形成最大似然估计,可以结合对世界可能状态的先验信念,以便生成最大后验估计,并且可以使用基于卡尔曼滤波器的过程来估计时变状态。最后,我们回顾了运动控制中的贝叶斯决策理论,以及中枢神经系统如何处理错误以确定损失函数和最佳动作。我们审查的结果表明,我们根据我们的动作统计数据来计划运动,这些统计数据是由我们的运动输出上的信号相关噪声产生的。总的来说,这些研究为运动系统在存在不确定性的情况下如何表现提供了一个统计框架。
Sensory and motor uncertainty form a fundamental constraint on human sensorimotor control. Bayesian decision theory (BDT) has emerged as a unifying framework to understand how the central nervous system performs optimal estimation and control in the face of such uncertainty. BDT has two components: Bayesian statistics and decision theory. Here we review Bayesian statistics and show how it applies to estimating the state of the world and our own body. Recent results suggest that when learning novel tasks we are able to learn the statistical properties of both the world and our own sensory apparatus so as to perform estimation using Bayesian statistics. We review studies which suggest that humans can combine multiple sources of information to form maximum likelihood estimates, can incorporate prior beliefs about possible states of the world so as to generate maximum a posteriori estimates and can use Kalman filter-based processes to estimate time-varying states. Finally, we review Bayesian decision theory in motor control and how the central nervous system processes errors to determine loss functions and optimal actions. We review results that suggest we plan movements based on statistics of our actions that result from signal-dependent noise on our motor outputs. Taken together these studies provide a statistical framework for how the motor system performs in the presence of uncertainty.
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发表时间: 2002-09-01
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影响因子: 64.8
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通讯作者: Wolpert, DM
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发表时间: 2004-06-29
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