Working Memory Deficits in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): An Examination of Central Executive and Storage/Rehearsal Processes
Working Memory Deficits in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): An Examination of Central Executive and Storage/Rehearsal Processes
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DOI：
10.1037/a0031742
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kasper, Lisa J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alderson, R. Matt;Hudec, Kristen L.;Kasper, Lisa J.
目前的研究是第一次使用回归方法来检查中央执行（CE）和存储/排练过程的独特贡献，工作记忆（WM）赤字的成人AMID。37名成人（ADED = 21，HC = 16）完成语音（PH）和视觉空间（VS）的工作记忆任务。虽然两组在PH任务中的表现明显优于VS任务，但ADHD成人在两种工作记忆模式中都表现出显着的缺陷。此外，ADHD组回忆起不成比例的PH和VS刺激，因为设置大小的要求增加。总体而言，与健康对照成年人相比，患有ADHD的成年人的CE和PH储存/复述过程均显着受损;然而，与之前针对患有该疾病的儿童的研究相比，CE效应大小的幅度要小得多。总的来说，研究结果为ADHD患者WM缺陷的终身轨迹提供了支持。
The current study was the first to use a regression approach to examine the unique contributions of central executive (CE) and storage/rehearsal processes to working memory (WM) deficits in adults with AMID. Thirty-seven adults (ADED = 21, HC = 16) completed phonological (PH) and visuospatial (VS) working memory tasks. While both groups performed significantly better during the PH task relative to the VS task, adults with ADHD exhibited significant deficits across both working memory modalities. Further, the ADHD group recalled disproportionately fewer PH and VS stimuli as set-size demands increased. Overall, the CE and PH storage/rehearsal processes of adults with ADHD were both significantly impaired relative to those of the healthy control adults; however, the magnitude of the CE effect size was much smaller compared to previous studies of children with the disorder. Collectively, results provide support for a lifelong trajectory of WM deficits in ADHD.