The 1786 earthquake-triggered landslide dam and subsequent dam-break flood on the Dadu River, southwestern China - Reply: A short reply to discussion by Chanson. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
The 1786 earthquake-triggered landslide dam and subsequent dam-break flood on the Dadu River, southwestern China - Reply: A short reply to discussion by Chanson. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.06.011
复制
发表时间：
2005-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Fuchu Dai;C. Lee;Jianhui Deng;L. Tham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuchu Dai;C. Lee;Jianhui Deng;L. Tham
中国历史文献记载，1786年6月1日，中国西南部四川康定-泸定地区发生7.75级强烈地震，造成大滑坡，坠入大渡河。结果，一座塌方的大坝堵住了河流。10天后，大坝突然决口，导致下游发生灾难性洪水。历史记录显示，洪水造成10万多人死亡。这可能是世界上有史以来由滑坡溃坝造成的最严重的灾难性事件。虽然人们已经做了大量的工作来确定1786年地震的位置、震级和强度，但对滑坡坝的发生和性质知之甚少。本文利用历史文献和地貌证据，对大坝进行了重建。发现滑坡坝高约70 m，形成一个水量约50× 106 m3、面积约1.7 km 2的湖泊。由于1786年6月10日的一次大余震，滑坡坝突然破裂。利用回归方程和基于物理的预测方程估算了溃坝时的洪峰流量。滑坡未来发生故障的可能性似乎很高，特别是由于固有的地震风险，强烈建议进行详细的岩土工程调查，以评估滑坡目前的稳定性。
Chinese historic documents recorded that on June 1, 1786, a strong M=7.75 earthquake occurred in the Kangding-Luding area, Sichuan, southwestern China, resulting in a large landslide that fell into the Dadu River. As a result, a landslide dam blocked the river. Ten days later, the sudden breaching of the dam resulted in catastrophic downstream flooding. Historic records document over 100,000 deaths by the flood. This may be the most disastrous event ever caused by landslide dam failures in the world. Although a lot of work has been carried out to determine the location, magnitude and intensity of the 1786 earthquake, relatively little is known about the occurrence and nature of the landslide dam. In this paper, the dam was reconstructed using historic documents and geomorphic evidence. It was found that the landslide dam was about 70 m high, and it created a lake with a water volume of about 50×106m3and an area of about 1.7 km2. The landslide dam breached suddenly due to a major aftershock on June 10, 1786. The peak discharge at the dam breach was estimated using regression equations and a physically based predictive equation. The possibility of a future failure of the landslide seems high, particularly due to inherent seismic risk, and detailed geotechnical investigations are strongly recommended for evaluating the current stability of the landslide.