Dynamic Spectrum Access via Smart Contracts on Blockchain
Dynamic Spectrum Access via Smart Contracts on Blockchain
复制标题
通过区块链上的智能合约进行动态频谱访问
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Madanayake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Thirasara Ariyarathna;Prabodha Harankahadeniya;Saarrah Isthikar;Nethmi Pathirana;H. Bandara;A. Madanayake
虽然毫米波有大量的带宽可用，但物理学规定了在低于6 GHz的范围内使用传统频率。面对指数级增长的频谱需求，这就需要动态频谱接入。然而，无组织的频谱共享会造成干扰，导致混乱的情况，以及容量的损失。此外，很难确保主要用户因共享其许可的频段而获得补偿。我们提出了一个基于区块链的平台来解决这些限制。引入了一种称为频谱令牌的数字令牌，用于验证和跟踪许可频段的使用，同时强制二次用户顺序访问频谱以避免干扰。建议的平台可以在不同的租赁策略下实现基于广告和感知的频谱共享。这样的共享和租赁政策被编码到智能合同中，这些合同以数字方式执行租赁协议的合同条款。当达成交易时，智能合同在商定的时间范围内自动在主要用户和次要用户之间转移频谱令牌，同时以加密货币向主要用户支付。我们开发了使用以太区块链的概念验证解决方案，以演示建议平台的效用及其吞吐量和延迟特性。
Although a massive amount of bandwidth is available at mm-waves, physics dictates the use of legacy frequencies in the sub 6-GHz range. This necessitates dynamic spectrum access in the face of exponentially growing spectral demands. However, disorganized spectrum sharing causes interference, leads to a chaotic situation, and loss of capacity. Moreover, it is difficult to ensure that the primary users are compensated for sharing their licensed bands. We propose a Blockchain-based platform to address these limitations. A digital token, called spectral token, is introduced to validate and track the use of a licensed frequency band while enforcing sequential access to spectrum by secondary users to avoid interference. The proposed platform enables both advertising and sensing based spectrum sharing under different leasing policies. Such sharing and leasing policies are coded into smart contracts, which digitally enforce the contractual clauses of the leasing agreement. When a deal is made, the smart contract automatically transfers the spectral token between primary and secondary users within the agreed time frame while paying the primary user in cryptocurrency. We developed a proof of concept solution using the Ethereum Blockchain to demonstrate the utility of the proposed platform and its throughput and latency characteristics.