Land-surface processes and summer-cloud-precipitation characteristics in the Tibetan Plateau and their effects on downstream weather: a review and perspective.
Land-surface processes and summer-cloud-precipitation characteristics in the Tibetan Plateau and their effects on downstream weather: a review and perspective.
复制标题
青藏高原地表过程、夏季云降水特征及其对下游天气的影响:回顾与展望
DOI：
10.1093/nsr/nwz226
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
20.6
通讯作者：
Wang D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fu Y;Ma Y;Zhong L;Yang Y;Guo X;Wang C;Xu X;Yang K;Xu X;Liu L;Fan G;Li Y;Wang D
正确认识青藏高原地表过程和云降水过程是研究和预报天气系统下游活动的重要前提，也是认识全球大气运动的关键点之一。为了展示已取得的成果，本文综述了利用地基、天基多平台、多传感器仪器对大气边界层、地表热通量、云降水分布和垂直结构的观测进展以及青藏高原云系统对下游天气的影响。结果表明，与地形、陆地-大气动量和标量通量相关的形状阻力是参数化过程的重要组成部分。由于风速减小和地温差异，感热通量减少，尤其是青藏高原中部和北部地区。观测表明，青藏高原云和降水有较强的日变化。研究还表明，青藏高原高海拔地形对对流层的压缩空气柱使得云内粒子在垂直方向上的变化距离比非高原地区短，因此青藏高原的降水强度通常较小，持续时间较短，青藏高原对流降水的垂直结构与其他地区有明显不同。另外，从机理上初步了解了青藏高原对下游灾害性天气的影响。需要利用模式模拟和观测技术揭示青藏高原与非高原地区云降水的差异，以了解青藏高原上空云微物理参数以及陆地边界层对下游地区云、降水和天气的影响过程。综述了青藏高原大气边界层、地表热通量、云降水分布和垂直结构的现场测量、遥感和数值模拟研究进展，以及青藏高原云系对下游天气的影响。
Correct understanding of the land-surface processes and cloud-precipitation processes in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is an important prerequisite for the study and forecast of the downstream activities of weather systems and one of the key points for understanding the global atmospheric movement. In order to show the achievements that have been made, this paper reviews the progress on the observations for the atmospheric boundary layer, land-surface heat fluxes, cloud-precipitation distributions and vertical structures by using ground- and space-based multiplatform, multisensor instruments and the effect of the cloud system in the TP on the downstream weather. The results show that the form drag related to the topography, land–atmosphere momentum and scalar fluxes is an important part of the parameterization process. The sensible heat flux decreased especially in the central and northern TP caused by the decrease in wind speeds and the differences in the ground-air temperatures. Observations show that the cloud and precipitation over the TP have a strong diurnal variation. Studies also show the compressed-air column in the troposphere by the higher-altitude terrain of the TP makes particles inside clouds vary at a shorter distance in the vertical direction than those in the non-plateau area so that precipitation intensity over the TP is usually small with short duration, and the vertical structure of the convective precipitation over the TP is obviously different from that in other regions. In addition, the influence of the TP on severe weather downstream is preliminarily understood from the mechanism. It is necessary to use model simulations and observation techniques to reveal the difference between cloud precipitation in the TP and non-plateau areas in order to understand the cloud microphysical parameters over the TP and the processes of the land boundary layer affecting cloud, precipitation and weather in the downstream regions. Research progresses of atmospheric boundary layer, land surface heat fluxes, cloud-precipitation distributions and vertical structures in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) by in-situ measurements, remote sensing and numerical modelling, and the effect of TP cloud system on the downstream weather are reviewed.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Fu, YF;Liu, GS;Liu, Q
通讯作者：
Liu, Q
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Fujinami, Hatsuki;Nomura, Shigeyuki;Yasunari, Tetsuzo
通讯作者：
Yasunari, Tetsuzo
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Barros, AP;Joshi, M;Burbank, DW
通讯作者：
Burbank, DW
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Fujinami, H;Yasunari, T
通讯作者：
Yasunari, T
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影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Ge, Jing;You, Qinglong;Zhang, Yuqing
通讯作者：
Zhang, Yuqing