Importance of local knowledge in plant resources management and conservation in two protected areas from Tras-os-Montes, Portugal
Importance of local knowledge in plant resources management and conservation in two protected areas from Tras-os-Montes, Portugal
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DOI：
10.1186/1746-4269-7-36
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发表时间：
2011-11-23
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Frazao-Moreira, Amelia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carvalho, Ana Maria;Frazao-Moreira, Amelia
许多欧洲保护区是合法建立的，以保护和维持生物多样性、独特的自然特征和相关的文化遗产。这些领土是几个世纪以来由于地理和历史因素与人类活动相互作用而建立的，是资源、做法和知识的宝库，这些都是其创建的重要基础。在社会和经济转型的几个组成部分，这样的地区往往会受到影响，他们的保护地位濒危进行民族植物学调查和广泛的实地工作，使用人类学的方法，特别是与关键线人，我们报告观察到的变化，并认为在两个自然公园在特拉斯-奥斯-蒙特斯，葡萄牙，影响当地的植物利用系统，因此当地的知识。通过提供者的证词和我们自己的观察和经验，我们讨论了当地知识和当地社区参与保护区设计，管理和维护的重要性。我们确认，地方知识为资源的可持续和多用途利用提供了新的见解和机会，并为保护文化和生态多样性提供了当代战略，这是保护区的主要目的和挑战。要取得成功，绝对需要让人们积极参与，而不仅仅是整合和验证他们的知识和专长。地方知识也是教育和宣传方案的一个有趣工具。
Many European protected areas were legally created to preserve and maintain biological diversity, unique natural features and associated cultural heritage. Built over centuries as a result of geographical and historical factors interacting with human activity, these territories are reservoirs of resources, practices and knowledge that have been the essential basis of their creation. Under social and economical transformations several components of such areas tend to be affected and their protection status endangered.Carrying out ethnobotanical surveys and extensive field work using anthropological methodologies, particularly with key-informants, we report changes observed and perceived in two natural parks in Tras-os-Montes, Portugal, that affect local plant-use systems and consequently local knowledge. By means of informants' testimonies and of our own observation and experience we discuss the importance of local knowledge and of local communities' participation to protected areas design, management and maintenance. We confirm that local knowledge provides new insights and opportunities for sustainable and multipurpose use of resources and offers contemporary strategies for preserving cultural and ecological diversity, which are the main purposes and challenges of protected areas. To be successful it is absolutely necessary to make people active participants, not simply integrate and validate their knowledge and expertise. Local knowledge is also an interesting tool for educational and promotional programs.