The Last Best Place? Gender, Family, and Migration in the New West
The Last Best Place? Gender, Family, and Migration in the New West
复制标题
最后最好的地方？
DOI：
10.1080/14649365.2015.1099898
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Jeffrey S. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeffrey S. Smith
Machine：Humanities GIS，by Charles B.特拉维斯，雷德兰兹，加利福尼亚州，esri出版社，2015年，xv + 136页，US$52.99（平装本），iSBN 978-1-58948-368-2在抽象机器：人文地理信息系统，查尔斯特拉维斯提出了一套案例研究，从他自己的研究中，他创建人文地理信息系统模型，以可视化和解释爱尔兰的历史，文学和文化文本。本书分为三个部分，第一部分由三章组成。在第一章中，特拉维斯解释说，GiS可以将图像、地图、文本中的文字和档案数据联合收割机组合起来，以创建文本的新的“多维叙述”（第8页）。当作者和读者互动地探索这些不同的、多维的叙事时，作者和读者可能会发现文本中新的空间关系和意义。书中的案例研究说明了如何通过人文GiS模型发现新的意义。在第一章的介绍之后，第二章提供了西方地理学思想的简短历史，并描述了后结构主义视角如何对人文学科的地理信息系统方法做出贡献。第3章介绍了本书中唯一的历史GiS案例研究。特拉维斯使用GiS可视化技术来说明战争的空间模式和土地所有权的宗教层面在十七世纪爱尔兰。通过ArcGiS的ArcScene模块，通过挤出代表叛乱不同时间段的多边形来可视化1641年爱尔兰叛乱的蔓延。另一幅ArcScene地图显示了克伦威尔军队在爱尔兰地形上所走的路线。1641年和1670年天主教和新教土地所有者的土地所有权的分级符号和分区地图以及同年天主教和新教拥有的有利可图的英亩的ArcScene可视化显示了宗教主导土地所有权的变化。本章有效地说明了GiS可视化如何有益于历史研究并带来新的见解。本书的第2部分包含四章，介绍了应用于文学和文化文本的人文GiS模型的案例研究。在第4章中，特拉维斯在地图图像上绘制了多段线，以显示爱尔兰诗人帕特里克·卡瓦纳（Patrick kavanagh）在居住在因尼斯肯乡村教区和后来居住在都柏林的典型一天中可能采取的日常旅行路径。特拉维斯将这些可视化与卡瓦纳对他的家乡因尼斯肯教区不断变化的看法联系起来，这些看法在他搬到都柏林之前和之后写的作品中得到了表达。第五章探讨了GiS可视化如何展示荷马的《奥德修斯》和但丁的《地狱》对詹姆斯·乔伊斯的《地狱》及其对都柏林的描绘的影响。特拉维斯解释说，乔伊斯使用托姆的《大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国官方名录》中的一幅都柏林地图作为主要来源，以补充他对都柏林地理的记忆。Travis的GiS可视化使用多段线来绘制Thom的都柏林地图中两个主要角色的移动。除了地图之外，这些可视化还包括来自XML的文本短语和相关联的词云。特拉维斯将每一个可视化连接到乔伊斯使用的荷马插曲和但丁下降到地狱的一个层面。最后一个可视化使用ArcScene来描绘角色移动的多段线和显示地狱三层的圆圈的3D视图，两者都显示在Thom的都柏林地图上。加强这本书。事实上，这本书以关于个人的小插曲结束，表明这本书更多的是关于人而不是地方。Jeffrey S.堪萨斯州立大学，堪萨斯，美国
Machine: Humanities GIS, by Charles B. Travis, redlands, CA, esri Press, 2015, xv + 136 pp., US$52.99 (paperback), iSBN 978-1-58948-368-2 in Abstract Machine: Humanities GIS, Charles Travis presents a set of case studies from his own research in which he creates humanities GiS models to visualize and interpret irish historical, literary, and cultural texts. The book is divided into three parts, with Part 1 consisting of three chapters. in Chapter 1, Travis explains that GiS can combine images, maps, words from a text, and archival data to create new ‘multidimensional narratives’ of a text (p. 8). As an author-reader interactively explores these alternative, multidimensional narratives, the author-reader may discover new spatial relationships and meanings in the text. The case studies in the book illustrate how new meaning may be uncovered through humanities GiS models. After the introduction in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 provides a short history of western geographical thought and describes how post-structuralist perspectives contribute to GiS approaches in the humanities. Chapter 3 presents the only historical GiS case study in the book. Travis uses GiS visualization techniques to illustrate spatial patterns of war and the religious dimension of land ownership in seventeenth century ireland. Through the ArcScene module of ArcGiS, the spread of the 1641 irish rebellion is visualized by extruding polygons that represent different time periods of the rebellion. Another ArcScene map shows the paths taken by Cromwell’s armies displayed over ireland’s topography. Changes in dominant land ownership by religion are shown through graduated symbol and choropleth maps of land ownership by Catholic and Protestant owners in 1641 and 1670 and through ArcScene visualizations of profitable acres owned by Catholics and Protestants for the same years. This chapter is effective in illustrating how GiS visualizations may benefit historical research and lead to new insights. Part 2 of the book contains four chapters that present case studies of humanities GiS models applied to literary and cultural texts. in Chapter 4, Travis plots polylines on map images to show speculated paths of daily travel that the irish poet Patrick kavanagh may have taken during a typical day while living in rural inniskeen Parish and later while living in Dublin. Travis relates these visualizations to kavanagh’s changing views of his native inniskeen Parish as expressed in his works written before and after his move to Dublin. Chapter 5 explores how a GiS visualization can show the influences of Homer’s Odysseus and Dante’s Inferno on James Joyce’s Ulysses and its depiction of Dublin. Travis explains that Joyce used a map of Dublin in Thom’s Official Directory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland as a primary source to supplement his memory of Dublin’s geography. Travis’s GiS visualizations use polylines to plot the movement of the two principal characters in Ulysses on subsections of Thom’s Dublin map. in addition to maps, these visualizations include text phrases from Ulysses and associated word clouds. Travis connects each visualization to the Homeric episode used by Joyce and to a level of Dante’s descent into hell. A final visualization uses ArcScene to depict a 3D view of polylines of character movement and circles showing the three levels of hell, both displayed on Thom’s Dublin map. strengthen the book. The fact that the book ends with vignettes about individuals indicates that this book is more about people than PLACe. Jeffrey S. Smith Department of Geography, Kansas State University, KS, USA