Gender Inequality in Contemporary Japan
Gender Inequality in Contemporary Japan
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当代日本的性别不平等
DOI：
10.2307/132584
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
R. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Smith
最近有人建议，对于那些过于狭隘地关注女性在日本社会中的地位的人来说，现在是时候将他们的研究范围重新定义为性别研究了。据称，这种转变将拓宽和丰富我们对日本社会和文化的理解，因为“性别是一个关系概念，考虑到性别……要求所有领域都要检查它们所包含的关系结构。”事实上，日本对“女性角色”的关注导致了对家庭和家庭的强调，对艺妓和酒吧女招待等特殊女性主导领域的强调，以及对少数在男性主导领域成功竞争的女性的强调。虽然我永远不会认为这些文献不重要，但我同意现在是时候继续扩大调查领域，包括教育系统、劳动力市场和法律。在这些领域，就像在文化的所有其他领域一样，男性和女性可能会或可能不会被区别地定义，并以非常不同的方式对待。因此，只描述一种性别的情况是在暗示另一种性别的情况，这就存在一个问题，因为这种暗示可能太离谱了。例如，关于日本女性劳动力的报告经常发现，很少有人在接受工作之前询问起薪或薪水。这个令人沮丧的数字被用来证明女性
It has been suggested recently that the time has come for those who have focused too narrowly on the position of women in Japanese society to recast the terms of their inquiry as the study of gender. Such a shift will broaden and enrich our understanding of Japanese society and culture, it is claimed, because "gender is a relational concept and considering gender . . . requires that all domains be examined for the relational structures they embody." ' It is indeed the case that the focus on "women's roles" in Japan has led to an emphasis on the domestic and familial, on exceptional female-dominated domains such as those of the geisha and bar hostess, and on the few women who compete successfully in male-dominated domains. While I would never dismiss that literature as unimportant, I agree that it is time to move on to broaden areas of investigation to include the educational system, labor market, and law. In these as in all other domains of the culture, men and women may or may not be differentially defined and dealt with in very different ways. Therefore, to describe the situation only of one sex is to imply something about the other and therein lies a problem, for the implication may be wide of the mark. Reports on women in the Japanese labor force, for example, often include the finding that few even asked about starting wages or salary before accepting the job. That depressing figure is offered as evidence that women