Investigating the insecticidal potential of Geomyces (Myxotrichaceae: Helotiales) and Mortierella (Mortierellacea: Mortierellales) isolated from Antarctica
Investigating the insecticidal potential of Geomyces (Myxotrichaceae: Helotiales) and Mortierella (Mortierellacea: Mortierellales) isolated from Antarctica
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DOI：
10.1186/2193-1801-3-289
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发表时间：
2014-06-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Bridge, Paul
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作者：
Edgington, Steven;Thompson, Emma;Bridge, Paul
从具有环境挑战性的栖息地中分离出来的真菌在开发用于害虫防治时可以具有潜在价值的适应性。从南极洲收集的真菌分离物，Geomyces sp。 I，地霉菌属 sp。研究了 II 号被孢霉和高山被孢霉的 (i) 0-35 摄氏度下的生长特性，(ii) 10 和 20 摄氏度下的孢子产生，(iii) 暴露于冰冻温度后的活力，以及 (iv) 对蜡蛾 (Galleria mellonella L.)、家蝇 (Musca Domestica L.)、黄粉虫 (Tenebrio molitor L.) 和黑藤的杀虫活性象鼻虫（Otiorhynchus sulcatus Fabricius）。所有分离株均在 5-20 摄氏度之间生长，其中一些在该范围之外生长。与被孢霉分离株相比，地霉菌属分离株可在更广泛的条件下形成孢子。地霉菌属 (Geomyces sp.) 在 10 摄氏度下的孢子萌发率较高。 II 当该分离株在 10 摄氏度与 20 摄氏度下产生时（最大差异为 74.6% 与 32.7%）。除高山分枝杆菌外，所有分离株均在-20 摄氏度下暴露 4 周后生长。杀虫研究表明，高山小囊霉和希氏小囊霉通过注射和土壤接种导致蜡蛾和家蝇幼虫显着死亡，高山小囊囊通过诱饵导致家蝇幼虫显着死亡；地霉菌菌株几乎没有致死作用。
Fungi isolated from environmentally challenging habitats can have adaptations of potential value when developed as insect pest-controls. Fungal isolates collected from Antarctica, Geomyces sp. I, Geomyces sp. II, Mortierella signyensis and M. alpina, were investigated for (i) growth characteristics at 0-35 degrees C, (ii) spore production at 10 and 20 degrees C, (iii) viability following exposure to freezing temperatures, and (iv) insecticidal activity against waxmoths (Galleria mellonella L.), houseflies (Musca domestica L.), mealworms (Tenebrio molitor L.) and black vine weevils (Otiorhynchus sulcatus Fabricius). All isolates showed growth between 5-20 degrees C, with some showing growth outside this range. Geomyces isolates sporulated over a wider range of conditions than the Mortierella isolates. Spore germination at 10 degrees C was higher for Geomyces sp. II when this isolate was produced at 10 compared to 20 degrees C (greatest difference 74.6 vs 32.7%). All isolates grew, with the exception of M. alpina, following exposure to -20 degrees C for 4 weeks. Insecticidal investigations showed M. alpina and M. signyensis caused significant mortality of waxmoth and housefly larvae via injection and soil inoculation, and M. alpina caused significant mortality of housefly larvae via baiting; the Geomyces isolates had little lethal effect.