The effects of whiteness on the health of whites in the USA
The effects of whiteness on the health of whites in the USA
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.06.034
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Williams, David R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Malat, Jennifer;Mayorga-Gallo, Sarah;Williams, David R.
在美国，白人是占主导地位的种族群体，比平均水平更容易获得大多数物质和社会奖励。然而，尽管白人在某些健康指标上比其他种族群体有更好的结果，但白人在其他指标上却表现不佳。此外，美国白人在国际健康比较中排名也很低。在本文中，我们提出了一个框架，结合了白人的概念，一个系统，在社会，经济和意识形态上有利于欧洲后裔和不利的人在其他群体的研究，从各个领域，以全面模拟影响白人的健康的社会因素。我们提出的框架描述了美国的白人和资本主义如何塑造社会条件，个人的社会特征和经验，以及对影响健康结果的情况的心理社会反应。我们详细介绍了白人支持的社会政策，白人的叙述，以及白人的特权可能会积极和消极地影响白人的健康的具体例子。在这样做的过程中，我们提出了几个未来研究的领域，可以扩大我们对社会因素如何影响健康的理解，并有助于白人健康的模式和悖论。通过扩大研究，包括对占主导地位的群体的健康进行理论分析，我们可以更全面地了解种族不平等制度如何影响健康。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Whites in the USA are the dominant racial group, with greater than average access to most material and social rewards. Yet, while whites have better outcomes than other racial groups on some health indicators, whites paradoxically compare poorly on other measures. Further, whites in the USA also rank poorly in international health comparisons. In this paper, we present a framework that combines the concept of whiteness-a system that socially, economically, and ideologically benefits European descendants and disadvantages people in other groups-with research from a variety of fields in order to comprehensively model the social factors that influence whites' health. The framework we present describes how whiteness and capitalism in the USA shape societal conditions, individual social characteristics and experiences, and psychosocial responses to circumstances to influence health outcomes. We detail specific examples of how social policies supported by whiteness, the narratives of whiteness, and the privileges of whiteness may positively and negatively affect whites' health. In doing so, we suggest several areas for future research that can expand our understanding of how social factors affect health and can contribute to the patterns and paradoxes of whites' health. By expanding research to include theoretically-grounded analyses of the dominant group's health, we can achieve a more complete picture of how systems of racial inequity affect health. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.