Ovarian teratomas: Tumor types and imaging characteristics
Ovarian teratomas: Tumor types and imaging characteristics
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DOI：
10.1148/radiographics.21.2.g01mr09475
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Hunt, JL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Outwater, EK;Siegelman, ES;Hunt, JL
卵巢畸胎瘤包括成熟囊性畸胎瘤（皮样囊肿）、未成熟畸胎瘤和单皮畸胎瘤（如卵巢瘤、类癌肿瘤、神经肿瘤）。大多数成熟的囊性畸胎瘤可以通过超声诊断，但可能有各种各样的外观，其特征是回波皮脂腺物质和钙化。在计算机断层扫描（CT）上，囊肿内的脂肪衰减是诊断性的。在磁共振（MR）成像中，皮脂腺成分是通过脂肪饱和技术特异性识别的。未成熟畸胎瘤的美国表现是非特异性的，尽管肿瘤通常是异质性的，部分实性病变，通常伴有分散的钙化。CT和MR成像。在美国，未成熟畸胎瘤的特征是有一个大的、不规则的固体成分，含有粗糙的钙化。小的脂肪灶有助于识别这些肿瘤。卵巢瘤的美国特征也是非特异性的，但具有异质性。可见以固体为主的团块。在T1和t2加权图像上，囊性间隙表现为高信号和低信号。熟悉卵巢畸胎瘤的US、CT和MR影像特征有助于鉴别和诊断。
Ovarian teratomas include mature cystic teratomas (dermoid cysts), immature teratomas, and monodermal teratomas (eg, struma ovarii, carcinoid tumors, neural tumors). Most mature cystic teratomas can be diagnosed at ultrasonography (US) but may have a variety of appearances, characterized by echogenic sebaceous material and calcification. At computed tomography (CT), fat attenuation within a cyst is diagnostic. At magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the sebaceous component is specifically identified with fat-saturation techniques. The US appearances of immature teratoma are nonspecific, although the tumors are typically heterogeneous, partially solid lesions, usually with scattered calcifications. At CT and MR imaging., immature teratomas characteristically have a large, irregular solid component containing coarse calcifications. Small foci of fat help identify these tumors. The US features of struma ovarii are also nonspecific, but a heterogeneous., predominantly solid mass may be seen. On T1 - and T2-weighted images, the cystic spaces demonstrate both high and low signal intensity. Familiarity with the US, CT, and MR imaging features of ovarian teratomas can aid in differentiation and diagnosis.