Place attachment in gated neighbourhoods in China: Evidence from Wenzhou
Place attachment in gated neighbourhoods in China: Evidence from Wenzhou
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.04.017
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发表时间：
2018-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Tingting Lu;Fangzhu Zhang;Fulong Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tingting Lu;Fangzhu Zhang;Fulong Wu
自20世纪90年代末社会主义单位住房制度结束以来，中国的新住宅开发广泛采用了私人管理的封闭社区的形式。尽管许多研究已经认识到这些新兴的封闭式社区改善了物质条件，但邻近的社区也在减少，因此它们深刻地改变了中国传统的集体主义生活制度。然而，对于封闭式社区是否与居民建立积极的关系以及这种关系是如何形成的，缺乏研究。基于对温州市1034户居民的问卷调查，以社区依恋为指标，考察了私人治理对差距依恋的影响。回归模型的结果表明，居民有相当高的地方附件在封闭的社区和私人治理加强邻里附件，强调市场的规定。通过了解邻居，参与社区公共活动，获得良好的社区形象以及私有化服务，居民在社会上，象征性地和功能性地建立了对社区的依恋。更重要的是，通过比较市场主导的，混合和国家主导的社区，这项研究确定了封闭式社区的附件强调私人治理的需求，而不是安全。这种新的邻里治理形式，如中国城市所示，是以消费为导向的，是邻里层面公共产品和服务提供私有化的结果。
China’s new residential developments have widely taken the form of privately governed gated communities since the socialist work-unit housing system was terminated towards the end of the 1990s. Although many studies have recognised these emerging gated neighbourhoods as having improved physical conditions, there has also been a decline in neighbouring and thus they have profoundly changed the traditional collectivist regime of living in China. However, there is a lack of research into whether gated neighbourhoods cultivate a positive relationship with residents and how such relationships are shaped. Based on a questionnaire survey of 1034 households conducted in a variety of gated neighbourhoods in Wenzhou, China, this paper intends to fill the gap by using neighbourhood attachment as an indicator, and by examining the impacts of private governance. The results of regression modelling suggest that residents have considerably high place attachment in gated neighbourhoods and that private governance enhances neighbourhood attachment by emphasising market provisions. Through knowing their neighbours, being involved in neighbourhood public events, and being provided with a good neighbourhood image as well as privatised services, residents develop an attachment to the neighbourhood socially, symbolically and functionally. More importantly, by comparing market-led, mixed and state-led neighbourhoods, this research identifies the attachment in gated neighbourhoods as underlining the demand for private governance rather than for safety. Such a new form of neighbourhood governance, as illustrated in urban China, is consumption-oriented and results from the privatisation of public goods and services provision at the neighbourhood level.