POSTNATAL ENLARGEMENT OF HUMAN TRACHEO-BRONCHIAL AIRWAYS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PARTICLE DEPOSITION
POSTNATAL ENLARGEMENT OF HUMAN TRACHEO-BRONCHIAL AIRWAYS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PARTICLE DEPOSITION
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DOI：
10.1002/ar.1092120408
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
MORTENSEN, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PHALEN, RF;OLDHAM, MJ;MORTENSEN, JD
为了支持对吸入颗粒沉积的预测，对20个年龄在11天到21岁的人的气道模型进行了形态测量。测量右肺上叶气道长度、直径和分支角度，从而获得适合作为颗粒沉积效率预测方程的输入的生长模型。气管支气管的生长与体长呈线性回归关系。生长气道的长径比没有改变任何简单的方式作为气道生成的函数。从以前发表的数据中发现，不同年龄段的身体活动的给定状态的气流速率可通过体重的线性回归来描述。体力消耗的状态-低活动，轻度消耗和重度消耗-用于建模目的。计算出的颗粒沉积效率表明，在大多数情况下，较小（年轻）的人将有更大的气管支气管沉积效率比较大（老年）的人。例如，假设喉部上方的沉积效率相等，则对于5 μ m直径的颗粒，基于每kg体重的气管支气管剂量在静息新生儿中可能比在静息成人中高> 6倍。
In support of predictions for inhaled particle deposition, morphometric measurements were taken on 20 replica airway casts of people aged 11 days to 21 yr. Measurements of right upper lobe airway lengths, diameters and branching angles were made such that a growth model suitable as input to predictive equations for particle deposition efficiency was obtained. The tracheobronchial airways growth was describable by linear regressions on body length. The length-to-diameter ratio of growing airways did not change in any simple way as a function of airway generation. Airflow rates for a given state of physical activity for various ages were found from previously published data to be describable by linear regressions on body mass. States of physical exertion--low activity, light exertion, and heavy exertion--were used for modeling purposes. The computed particle deposition efficiencies indicate that under most circumstances smaller (younger) people will have greater tracheobronchial deposition efficiencies than larger (older) people. For example, tracheobronchial dose on a per kg body mass basis for 5-.mu.m-diameter particles may be > 6 times higher in the resting newborn than in the resting adult assuming equivalent deposition efficiencies above the larynx.