Development of Human Breast Milk Microbiota-Associated Mice as a Method to Identify Breast Milk Bacteria Capable of Colonizing Gut.
Development of Human Breast Milk Microbiota-Associated Mice as a Method to Identify Breast Milk Bacteria Capable of Colonizing Gut.
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开发人类母乳微生物群相关小鼠作为鉴定能够定植肠道的母乳细菌的方法
DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.01242
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Shen J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang X;Lu H;Feng Z;Cao J;Fang C;Xu X;Zhao L;Shen J
母乳是婴幼儿肠道共生细菌的重要来源之一。以前的研究通过分离细菌和进行菌株水平的细菌基因分型来寻找母乳和婴儿粪便之间共享的细菌菌株，但只鉴定出有限数量的牛奶细菌来定植婴儿肠道，包括双歧杆菌、葡萄球菌、乳杆菌和大肠杆菌/志贺氏菌。在这里，为了鉴定能够在不受乳汁以外的其他来源细菌的干扰或分析婴儿粪便的情况下定植肠道的母乳细菌，将阴道分娩后2天从母亲那里采集的母乳口服给正常喂养的无菌小鼠。根据16S rRNA基因的变性梯度凝胶电泳法和Illumina测序法，乳汁中细菌丰度在1%时仅为链球菌(56.0%)和葡萄球菌(37.4%)，而在受体小鼠的粪便中链球菌(80.3±2.3%)、棒状杆菌(10.0±2.6%)、葡萄球菌(7.6±1.6%)和丙酸杆菌(2.1±0.5%)是剖腹产婴儿胎粪中的优势菌属；厌氧肠道伴生菌：发酵菌、普氏杆菌、玫瑰香杆菌、瘤胃球菌和拟杆菌在乳汁中的丰度为0.003-1%，在小鼠粪便中的丰度为0.003-0.01%；在牛奶中低于发光菌测序的检出限，但在小鼠粪便中为0.003-0.01%。人类母乳微生物区系相关的小鼠模型可能被用来识别其他可能定植在婴儿肠道中的母乳细菌。
Human breast milk is recognized as one of multiple important sources of commensal bacteria for infant gut. Previous studies searched for the bacterial strains shared between breast milk and infant feces by isolating bacteria and performing strain-level bacterial genotyping, but only limited number of milk bacteria were identified to colonize infant gut, including bacteria from Bifidobacterium, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, and Escherichia/Shigella. Here, to identify the breast milk bacteria capable of colonizing gut without the interference of bacteria of origins other than the milk or the necessity to analyze infant feces, normal chow-fed germ-free mice were orally inoculated with the breast milk collected from a mother 2 days after vaginal delivery. According to 16S rRNA gene-based denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis and Illumina sequencing, bacteria at >1% abundance in the milk inoculum were only Streptococcus (56.0%) and Staphylococcus (37.4%), but in the feces of recipient mice were Streptococcus (80.3 ± 2.3%), Corynebacterium (10.0 ± 2.6 %), Staphylococcus (7.6 ± 1.6%), and Propionibacterium (2.1 ± 0.5%) that were previously shown as dominant bacterial genera in the meconium of C-section-delivered human babies; the abundance of anaerobic gut-associated bacteria, Faecalibacterium, Prevotella, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, and Bacteroides, was 0.01–1% in the milk inoculum and 0.003–0.01% in mouse feces; the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. was below the detection limit of Illumina sequencing in the milk but at 0.003–0.01% in mouse feces. The human breast milk microbiota-associated mouse model may be used to identify additional breast milk bacteria that potentially colonize infant gut.