Experimental investigation of nasal airflow
Experimental investigation of nasal airflow
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DOI：
10.1243/09544119jeim330
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Schroter, R. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Doorly, D.;Taylor, D. J.;Schroter, R. C.
鼻腔的气道几何形状显然是复杂的，并且其控制气流以实现其各种生理功能的方式尚未完全理解。由于鼻通道的复杂形态和不可接近性排除了详细的体内测量，因此需要计算机模拟或体外实验来确定解剖形式和功能如何相关。本文介绍了一种高光学清晰度的鼻腔复制模型的制作方法，该模型是由体内扫描数据得到的，并结合粒子图像测速技术（PIV）和流动可视化技术研究了流场的特性，流动可视化技术被证明是一种能够识别关键现象的方便技术。具体而言，射流从内鼻阀进入主腔的出现，它如何影响中鼻甲，以及伴随流动不稳定性最初出现的弥散的大幅增强被揭示为特别重要的特征。可视化实验的结果得到了PIV成像的补充，PIV成像提供了鼻腔不同区域速度变化的定量细节。这些结果证明了腔体几何形状在将流动划分为高剪切区和慢剪切区方面的有效性，高剪切区促进了鼻粘膜的快速传热和增湿，慢剪切区提供了更长的停留时间以促进嗅觉sensing.The实验结果不仅提供了与其他计算模型进行比较的基础，而且还展示了一种替代和灵活的手段来研究复杂的流动，与呼吸或心血管系统不同部位的研究相关。
The airway geometry of the nasal cavity is manifestly complex, and the manner in which it controls the airflow to accomplish its various physiological functions is not fully understood. Since the complex morphology and inaccessibility of the nasal passageways precludes detailed in-vivo measurements, either computational simulation or in-vitro experiments are needed to determine how anatomical form and function are related. The fabrication of a replica model of the nasal cavity, of a high optical clarity and derived from in-vivo scan data is described here, together with characteristics of the flow field investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and flow visualization.Flow visualization is shown to be a capable and convenient technique for identifying key phenomena. Specifically the emergence of the jet from the internal nasal valve into the main cavity, how it impacts on the middle turbinate, and the large enhancement of dispersion that accompanies the initial appearance of flow instability are revealed as particularly significant features. The findings from the visualization experiments are complemented by PIV imaging, which provides quantitative detail on the variations in velocity in different regions of the nasal cavity. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the cavity geometry in partitioning the flow into high shear zones, which facilitate rapid heat transfer and humidification from the nasal mucosa, and slower zones affording greater residence times to facilitate olfactory sensing.The experimental results not only provide a basis for comparison with other computational modelling but also demonstrate an alternative and flexible means to investigate complex flows, relevant to studies in different parts of the respiratory or cardiovascular systems.