Everyday discrimination and mood and substance use disorders: A latent profile analysis with African Americans and Caribbean Blacks
Everyday discrimination and mood and substance use disorders: A latent profile analysis with African Americans and Caribbean Blacks
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.08.006
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Whitfield, Keith E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clark, Trenette T.;Salas-Wright, Christopher P.;Whitfield, Keith E.
背景：感知到的歧视是健康相关压力的主要来源。本研究的目的是模拟非裔美国人和加勒比黑人日常歧视经历的异质性，并确定情绪和物质使用结果的患病率差异，包括已确定的亚组中的广泛性焦虑症、重度抑郁症、酒精使用障碍和非法药物使用障碍。方法：该研究使用从 18 岁至 65 岁之间的非裔美国人和加勒比黑人受访者 (N = 4,462) 样本中获得的美国生活国家调查数据。结果：我们使用潜在概况分析和多项回归分析来识别和验证潜在亚组并测试假设，得出 4 类感知到的日常歧视：低度歧视、不尊重和居高临下、一般歧视和长期歧视。调查结果显示，重度抑郁症、酒精使用障碍和非法药物使用障碍的低歧视和一般歧视类别之间存在显着差异。此外，我们发现所检查的四种疾病的低歧视类别和慢性歧视类别之间存在显着差异。与慢性歧视类别相比，其他类别的成员符合广泛性焦虑症、重度抑郁症、酒精使用障碍和非法药物使用障碍标准的可能性明显较低。结论：研究结果表明，歧视程度升高会增加情绪和物质使用障碍的风险。重要的是，结果表明情绪和物质使用障碍的患病率与个人经历的歧视类型和频率有关。 (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Background: Perceived discrimination is a major source of health-related stress. The purpose of this study was to model the heterogeneity of everyday-discrimination experiences among African American and Caribbean Blacks and to identify differences in the prevalence of mood and substance use outcomes, including generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder among the identified subgroups.Method: The study uses data from the National Survey of American Life obtained from a sample of African American and Caribbean Black respondents (N = 4,462) between 18 and 65 years.Results: We used latent profile analysis and multinomial regression analyses to identify and validate latent subgroups and test hypotheses, yielding 4 classes of perceived everyday discrimination: Low Discrimination, Disrespect and Condescension, General Discrimination, and Chronic Discrimination. Findings show significant differences exist between the Low Discrimination and General Discrimination classes for major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder. Moreover, we find significant differences exist between the Low Discrimination and Chronic Discrimination classes for the four disorders examined. Compared with the Chronic Discrimination class, members of the other classes were significantly less likely to meet criteria for generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, alcohol-use disorder, and illicit drug-use disorder.Conclusions: Findings suggest elevated levels of discrimination increase risk for mood and substance-use disorders. Importantly, results suggest the prevalence of mood and substance-use disorders is a function of the type and frequency of discrimination that individuals experience. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.