TRIBOLOGY IN MATERIALS PROCESSING
TRIBOLOGY IN MATERIALS PROCESSING
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DOI：
10.1016/0924-0136(94)01689-x
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发表时间：
1995-01-15
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
STACHOWIAK, GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BATCHELOR, AW;STACHOWIAK, GW
摩擦和磨损影响材料提取及其转化为成品的所有过程。工具、模具、夹具或任何其他接触加工材料的装置之间的物理接触是磨损的基本原因。过度摩擦会限制切削工具、模具和许多其他设备的效率。磨损是原材料开采和初级加工中的一个严重问题，甚至原材料从矿场到炼油厂的运输也会带来额外的磨损问题。因此，许多研究小组积极致力于研究和开发材料加工中控制摩擦和磨损的方法。控制摩擦和磨损的成熟方法是使用润滑剂。尽管固体和液体润滑剂的发展极大地进步了材料加工，但仍然没有给出理想的性能。润滑油也会带来污染和健康危害。两种类型的润滑剂替代品正在开发中：先进材料，例如陶瓷，用于替代金属用于制造工具、模具等；表面涂层提供耐磨和低摩擦涂层，无需润滑剂。这些新技术的预计好处是摩擦和磨损程度低、昂贵的硬金属使用经济、污染和毒性危害少。本文回顾了材料加工中摩擦和磨损控制的最新进展。
Friction and wear affect all processes involved in the extraction of materials and their conversion into finished products. Physical contact between tool, die, clamp or any other device that contacts the processed material is the basic cause of wear. Excessive friction imposes limits on the efficiency of cutting tools, dies and many other equipment. Wear is a severe problem in the extraction and primary processing of raw materials and even the conveyance of raw materials from mine site to refinery imposes additional problems of wear. Therefore research and development into means of controlling friction and wear in materials processing is actively pursued by many research groups. The mast well established method to control friction and wear is by the application of lubricants. Although the development of solid and liquid lubricants has greatly advanced materials processing it still do not give an ideal performance. Lubricants also bring pollution and health hazards. Two types of substitutes for lubricants are being developed: advanced materials such as ceramics to replace metals for the construction of tools, dies etc.; surface coatings to provide wear resistant and low friction coatings without the need for lubricants. Projected benefits from these newer technologies are low levels of friction and wear, economy in the use of expensive hard metals, less pollution and toxicity hazards. In this paper current developments into friction and wear control in materials processing are reviewed.