Pauses during communication release behavioral habituation through recovery from synaptic depression
Pauses during communication release behavioral habituation through recovery from synaptic depression
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.056
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发表时间：
2021-07-26
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Carlson, Bruce A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kohashi, Tsunehiko;Lube, Adalee J.;Carlson, Bruce A.
在互动交流过程中，动物偶尔会停止发出交流信号。在人类语音中，已经描述了在停止或无声停顿之后恢复的通信信号的行为意义：在无声停顿之后，听者的单词识别得到增强，并且说话者倾向于将这种停顿置于上下文不可预测的单词之前，因此具有高信息量。(1-5)中枢神经系统如何处理停顿后的信号，与连续通信期间的信号不同，尚未在细胞水平上进行研究。在这里，我们研究了行为和神经生理学的影响暂停在电气通信在长颌鱼。我们发现，孤立的鱼产生更少，更短的停顿比鱼成对，鱼往往产生突发显示后立即暂停。在电感觉通路中，对停顿的敏感性首先出现在中脑后外侧核（ELp）：诱发场电位随着停顿持续时间的增加而增强，时间常数近似为1 s。从单个ELp神经元的细胞内记录表明，这种增加的敏感性导致暂停相关的恢复由先前的刺激诱导的突触抑制。行为反应也促进了较长的停顿，类似的时间常数类似于1秒。此外，在成对的鱼之间的自然电通信期间，人工暂停的插入导致接收鱼紧接在暂停之后的信号增加。因此，我们的研究结果表明，暂停期间的通信释放突触抑制的感觉电路，从而最大限度地提高后续通信信号的生理和行为影响。
During interactive communication, animals occasionally cease producing communication signals. The behavioral significance of resumed communication signals following a cessation, or silent pause, has been described in human speech: word recognition by listeners is enhanced after silent pauses, and speakers tend to place such pauses prior to words that are contextually unpredictable and that therefore have high information content.(1-5) How central nervous systems process signals following pauses differently from signals during continuous communication has not been studied at a cellular level. Here we studied behavioral and neurophysiological impacts of pauses during electric communication in mormyrid fish. We found that isolated fish produced fewer and shorter pauses than fish housed in pairs, and that fish tended to produce burst displays immediately following pauses. In the electrosensory pathway, sensitivity to pauses first arose in the midbrain posterior exterolateral nucleus (ELp): evoked field potentials were enhanced as pause duration increased, with a time constant of similar to 1 s. Intracellular recording from single ELp neurons suggested that this increased sensitivity resulted from a pause-associated recovery from synaptic depression that was induced by the preceding stimulation. Behavioral responses were also facilitated by longer pauses, with a similar time constant of similar to 1 s. Further, during natural electric communication between pairs of fish, the insertion of artificial pauses resulted in increased signaling by the receiving fish immediately following the pause. Thus, our results suggest that pauses during communication release sensory circuits from synaptic depression, thereby maximizing the physiological and behavioral effects of subsequent communication signals.