Recognizing research participants’ fluid positionalities in (post-)conflict zones
Recognizing research participants’ fluid positionalities in (post-)conflict zones
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认识研究参与者在冲突（后）地区的流动地位
DOI：
10.1177/1468794120904882
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Philipp Schulz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Philipp Schulz
本文重新定义了冲突地区研究人员和研究参与者之间高度矛盾的关系，重点是认识到受访者的多重和多变的立场。定性研究的标准化和主导性方法在很大程度上是基于对研究参与者的本质和幼稚的描述，以及关于研究关系的新殖民主义假设：信息者被推定为不可避免的脆弱和需要外部保护，而研究人员被定位为控制研究过程的无处不在的专家。然而，在现实中，研究参与者很少独占受压迫受害者身份的轴心，并经常以各种方式在研究和数据收集过程中发挥积极作用。我解释了，特别是在(冲突后)地区，研究参与者如何通过对研究人员和研究过程进行代理来频繁地重塑权力动态。虽然以前的研究已经考虑了告密者的中介机构如何塑造知识生产的过程，但在本文中，我通过研究关键告密者如何并且经常这样做来扩展这一重点，以促进研究人员的安全和保障。我特别借鉴了在乌干达北部进行实证研究的个人经验。我展示了在冲突后不安全的特定时刻--同时被困在乌干达警察和我的一个关键线人--一个武装团体之间的交火中--如何确保我的人身保护和安全，从而对我和研究关系行使权力。因此，这一背景下的关键信息来源占据了多个位置--从信息提供者到保护者，证明研究关系从来不是一成不变的，而是与背景相关的、变化和波动的。这种矛盾的和流动的动力动力更能反映定性研究的现实生活，通过将研究人员和研究参与者定位在更平等的条件下，可以影响研究过程。
This article re-conceptualizes the highly ambivalent relationships between researchers and research participants in conflict zones, with a focus on recognizing respondents’ multiple and fluid positionalities. Standardized and dominant approaches to qualitative research are largely based on essentialist and infantilized portrayals of research participants and neo-colonial assumptions regarding the research relationship: informants are presumed to be inevitably vulnerable and in need of external protection, while the researcher is positioned as the omnipresent expert in control of the research process. In reality, however, research participants rarely exclusively occupy the ‘oppressed victimhood’ axis of identity and frequently take on active roles in the research and data collection process in a myriad of ways. I elucidate how especially in (post-)conflict zones, research participants frequently re-shape power dynamics by exercising agency over the researcher and the research process. While previous studies have considered how informants’ agency can shape processes of knowledge production, in this article I expand this focus by examining how key-informants can, and frequently do, facilitate the researchers’ safety and security. I specifically draw on personal experiences of empirical research in Northern Uganda. I demonstrate how in a particular moment of post-conflict insecurity – while being trapped in-between the exchange of gunfire between the Ugandan police and an armed group – one of my key-informants ensured my physical protection and safety, thereby exercising power over me and the research relationship. The key-informants in this context thus occupied multiple positionalities – ranging from informant to protector, evidencing that research relationships are never static but rather contextual, shift and fluctuate. Such ambivalent and fluid power dynamics are more reflective of the lived realities of qualitative research and can influence the research process by positioning researchers and research participants on more equal terms.
受害者参与式方法：过渡时期司法研究的解放方法
DOI：
10.1017/cls.2015.17
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société
影响因子：
--
作者：
Robins S
通讯作者：
Robins S