The Nomad as State Builder: Historical Theory and Material Evidence from Mongolia
The Nomad as State Builder: Historical Theory and Material Evidence from Mongolia
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作为国家建设者的游牧民族：来自蒙古的历史理论和物质证据
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发表时间：
2013
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通讯作者：
W. Honeychurch
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文献类型：
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作者：
W. Honeychurch
关于游牧政治复杂性的理论主要基于二十世纪的民族志和游牧民族军事联盟的大量历史记载。在过去的二十年中，考古学家越来越多地使用物质证据来评估有关游牧政体的想法，并在了解旧世界许多地区的游牧政治进程时添加了土著和地方规模的视角。其中之一是蒙古，它是游牧国家和帝国形成的主要中心，考古学家最近将注意力集中在公元前一千年末出现的早期区域政体，被称为匈奴国家。本文综合了有关匈奴国家的最新考古研究，以评估解释远东草原游牧民族国家出现的历史模型。来自蒙古的材料记录增加了完善有关匈奴国家出现的现有解释所需的细节和解决方案。
Theory on nomadic political complexity has largely been based on twentieth century ethnography and numerous historical accounts of the military confederations of pastoral nomads. Over the past two decades, archaeologists have increasingly used material evidence to evaluate ideas about nomadic polities and have added indigenous and local-scale perspectives to an understanding of nomadic political process in many regions across the Old World. One of these is Mongolia, a major center of nomadic state and empire formation, where archaeologists have recently focused attention on an early regional polity that arose at the end of the first millennium BC and is known as the Xiongnu (also Hsiung-nu) state. This paper synthesizes the latest archaeological research on the Xiongnu state in order to evaluate historical models that explain state emergence among nomads on the far eastern steppe. The material record from Mongolia adds the detail and resolution needed to refine existing explanations for Xiongnu state emergence.