An artificial host system enables the obligate parasite Cuscuta campestris to grow and reproduce in vitro
An artificial host system enables the obligate parasite Cuscuta campestris to grow and reproduce in vitro
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DOI：
10.1093/plphys/kiac106
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发表时间：
2022-03-16
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Westwood, James H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernal-Galeano, Vivian;Beard, Keely;Westwood, James H.
菟丝子（Cuscuta campestris）是一种专性寄生植物，需要宿主才能完成其生活史。寄生虫与宿主的连接通过吸器发生，吸器是一种独特的器官，作为吸收水，营养物质和大分子的桥梁。对菟丝子的研究往往因宿主的影响而变得复杂，但在没有宿主的情况下，不存在类似的寄生虫生长系统。我们开发了一种无菌方法来培养C。campestris在人工寄主系统（AHS）上的表达。我们评估了营养物质和植物激素对寄生吸器发育和生长的影响。吸器形态和基因表达的特点。AHS由一种惰性的纤维棒组成，它模仿宿主的茎，将水和营养物质芯吸到寄生虫身上。它使C。油菜的寄生习性，并通过其生命周期的各个阶段，包括生产新的芽和可行的种子发展。植物激素NAA和BA影响吸器的形态，增加寄生虫的鲜重和生物量。AHS吸器中的单基因表达反映了与活宿主植物吸器中的那些类似的过程。AHS是研究菟丝子生物学的方法学改进，避免了特定宿主对寄生虫的影响，并使研究人员完全控制寄生虫环境。
Cuscuta campestris is an obligate parasitic plant that requires a host to complete its life cycle. Parasite-host connections occur via a haustorium, a unique organ that acts as a bridge for the uptake of water, nutrients, and macromolecules. Research on Cuscuta is often complicated by host influences, but comparable systems for growing the parasite in the absence of a host do not exist. We developed an axenic method to grow C. campestris on an artificial host system (AHS). We evaluated the effects of nutrients and phytohormones on parasite haustoria development and growth. Haustorium morphology and gene expression were also characterized. The AHS consists of an inert, fibrous stick that mimics a host stem, wicking water and nutrients to the parasite. It enables C. campestris to exhibit a parasitic habit and develop through all stages of its life cycle, including production of new shoots and viable seeds. The phytohormones NAA and BA affect haustoria morphology and increase parasite fresh weight and biomass. Unigene expression in AHS haustoria reflects processes similar to those in haustoria on living host plants. The AHS is a methodological improvement for studying Cuscuta biology by avoiding specific host effects on the parasite and giving researchers full control of the parasite environment.