Start-ups, job creation, and founder characteristics
Start-ups, job creation, and founder characteristics
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DOI：
10.1093/icc/dtz030
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发表时间：
2019-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
J. D. Brown;John S. Earle;Mee Jung Kim;Mee Jung Kim;Kyung Min Lee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. D. Brown;John S. Earle;Mee Jung Kim;Mee Jung Kim;Kyung Min Lee
分析所有美国雇主在一个队列的进入公司的数据，我们记录了一个高度倾斜的规模分布，这样，最大的5%占队列就业在公司出生时的一半以上，超过三分之二的公司年龄7。分析相关的调查管理数据，我们发现女性，非洲裔美国人和年轻的创始人最初不太可能创办大公司。性别差距一直持续到7岁，而种族和年龄差距则没有。教育与初创企业的规模呈正相关，但研究生学位除外。先前的创业精神和创始团队的规模是正相关的，但团队的多样性不是。资本和行业控制的规格说明了财务约束和部门选择的作用。
Analyzing data on all US employers in a cohort of entering firms, we document a highly skewed size distribution, such that the largest 5% account for over half of cohort employment at firm birth and more than two-thirds at firm age 7. Analyzing linked survey-administrative data, we find that female, African–American, and younger founders are initially less likely to start large firms. The gender gap persists through firm age 7, while racial and age gaps do not. Education is positively associated with start-up size, except for graduate degrees. Prior entrepreneurship and founding team size are positively associated, but team diversity is not. Specifications with capital and industry controls illuminate roles of financial constraints and sectoral choice.