Effects of Organic Fertilization and Pesticide Application on Palatability and Physicochemical Properties of Cooked Rice
Effects of Organic Fertilization and Pesticide Application on Palatability and Physicochemical Properties of Cooked Rice
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有机肥和农药施用对米饭适口性和理化性状的影响
DOI：
10.1626/jcs.71.169
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Toshiro Kuroda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuniyuki Saitoh;Toshifumi Hayami;Tomohiro Ishibe;Y. Matsue;T. Ogata;Toshiro Kuroda
1996~1998年，在冈山大学的稻田里，连续3年研究了有机肥(牛粪和鸡粪)和农药对日本白米饭适口性和理化特性的影响。平均而言，有机肥不施农药小区和有机肥除草剂小区与化肥农药小区相比，稻米的整体食味品质差异不显著。有机基肥、化学追肥+农药处理的适口性低于化肥+农药处理。这表明有机肥料和农用化学品几乎不会影响米饭的适口性。1997年，不施肥的各小区的适口性均优于相应的施肥小区。总体食用品质与蛋白质含量、硬度/黏度比呈负相关，与粘度、最大粘度和崩解度呈正相关，与直链淀粉含量无相关性。1998年，在成熟期(总施氮量相同)，施有机肥不施农药和施化肥不施农药的适口性均优于成熟期追肥的相应小区。为了在有机栽培条件下生产出食用品质好的水稻，在成熟期限制有机肥的氮素吸收是重要的。
The effects of organic fertilizer (cow and chicken manure) and pesticide on palatability and physicochemical properties of cooked rice (cultivar Nipponbare) were examined for three years from 1996 to 1998 in the paddy field of Okayama University. On the average, the overall eating quality of cooked rice from the plants grown in organic fertilizer-applied & pesticide-free plot and organic fertilizer & herbicide-applied plot were not significantly different from that in the chemical fertilizer & pesticide-applied plot. The palatability in the organic basal fertilizer applied, chemical top-dressed & pesticide-applied plot was inferior to that in the chemical fertilizer & pesticide-applied plot. This suggests that organic fertilization and agricultural chemicals hardly affect the palatability of cooked rice. In 1997, the palatability in each plot without fertilization was superior to that in the corresponding fertilized plot. The overall eating quality was negatively correlated with protein content and hardness/adhesion ratio, and positively correlated with stickiness, maximum viscosity and break down, but not with amylose content. In 1998, the palatability in the organic fertilizer-applied & pesticide-free plot and the chemical fertilizer & pesticide-applied plot without topdressing at the ripening period (amount of total applied nitrogen was equal) was superior to the corresponding plot with topdressing at the ripening period. In order to produce good eating quality rice in organic culture, it is important to restrict the nitrogen absorption of organic fertilizer at the ripening stage.