Reconstructing and understanding the impacts of storms and surges, southern North Sea
Reconstructing and understanding the impacts of storms and surges, southern North Sea
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DOI：
10.1002/esp.3905
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
S. Brooks;T. Spencer;A. McIvor;I. Möller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Brooks;T. Spencer;A. McIvor;I. Möller
海岸屏障在全球范围内无处不在，对位于陆地上的宝贵地貌、栖息地和社区起着至关重要的保护作用。然而，它们很容易受到极端水位和暴风雨的影响。英国东海岸的一个堰塞岛建立了一份详细的记录，记录了沙丘高(>；3米)和低(<；1米)的前沿地带的分年度到年度、十年和百年的海岸线撤退速度。对于四次风暴(2006-2013年)，我们将静止水位和峰值显著波高与空间密度较高的海岸线变化进行匹配。结果表明，至少在短期内，典型的5-8米的海岸线后退主要是由个别事件驱动的，中间隔着不同的屏障停滞期。在十年时间尺度上，岸上屏障撤退速度和近岸屏障延伸率都可以看到显著的年代际变化。虽然障碍迁移的近岸变化在短期内保持在十年尺度上，但百年阶段的海岸线变化在障碍撤退区域(1.15m a−1)和障碍延伸区域之间几乎没有变化。对驱动海岸线变化的所有变量(静止水位、大潮的时间和显著波高的峰值)进行同步的数据挖掘方法，是验证预测未来海平面和暴风雨下海岸线反应的模型的基本要求。©2016作者。地球表面过程和地貌由John Wiley&Sons Ltd.出版。
Coastal barriers are ubiquitous globally and provide a vital protective role to valuable landforms, habitats and communities located to landward. They are, however, vulnerable to extreme water levels and storm wave impacts. A detailed record of sub‐annual to annual; decadal; and centennial rates of shoreline retreat in frontages characterized by both high (> 3 m) and low (< 1 m) dunes is established for a barrier island on the UK east coast. For four storms (2006–2013) we match still water levels and peak significant wave heights against shoreline change at high levels of spatial densification. The results suggest that, at least in the short‐term, shoreline retreat, of typically 5–8 m, is primarily driven by individual events, separated by varying periods of barrier stasis. Over decadal timescales, significant inter‐decadal changes can be seen in both barrier onshore retreat rates and in barrier extension rates alongshore. Whilst the alongshore variability in barrier migration seen in the short‐term remains at the decadal scale, shoreline change at the centennial stage shows little alongshore variability between a region of barrier retreat (at 1.15 m a−1) and one of barrier extension. A data‐mining approach, synchronizing all the variables that drive shoreline change (still water level, timing of high spring tides and peak significant wave heights), is an essential requirement for validating models that predict future shoreline responses under changing sea level and storminess. © 2016 The Authors. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.