The impact of natural ventilation on airborne biocontaminants: a study on COVID-19 dispersion in an open office
The impact of natural ventilation on airborne biocontaminants: a study on COVID-19 dispersion in an open office
复制标题
DOI：
10.1108/ecam-12-2020-1047
复制
发表时间：
2021-04-29
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Gursel Dino, Ipek
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbas, Gunsu Merin;Gursel Dino, Ipek
目的生物污染物对共用空间中居住者的健康具有更高的风险。自然通风是防治室内空气生物污染的有效策略。然而，自然通风和室内空气污染之间的关系需要深入调查空气传播传染病的行为，特别是关于污染物的病毒和空气动力学特征。这项研究通过对一个自由运行的、自然通风的房间(没有使用空间空调)进行室内空气污染来调查自然通风在预防冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)感染风险方面的有效性。设计/方法论/方法本研究采用案例研究策略，采用基于模拟的方法。通过开放式办公室的多个设计场景来实施模拟管道。模拟管道执行综合污染分析，耦合参数3D设计环境、计算流体动力学(CFD)和能量模拟。对新冠肺炎管道实施的结果进行了建筑和环境相关参数的评估。研究指标被确定为室内空气污染水平、排放时间和感染时间。根据模拟结果，较高的室内空气温度有助于降低感染风险。与夏季相比，自由奔跑的春季和秋季可能会带来更高的感染风险。更高的开口与壁比率有更高的潜力来降低感染风险。相邻窗口配置比相对窗口配置具有优势。作为一种设计策略，与将开口形状从相对改变为相邻相比，增加开口与壁厚比对降低感染风险具有更大的影响。然而，每个建筑设置都是一个独特的案例，需要进行系统的调查，以可靠地了解复杂的气流和污染物扩散行为。未来的建筑标准中应考虑将室内污染风险降至最低的指标、战略和行动。在这项研究中开发的模拟管道有可能在现有建筑适应流行病条件和新建筑设计期间支持决策。原创性/价值解决的调查需求对新冠肺炎来说尤其关键，由于其空气动力学行为、更快的传播率和高病毒复制能力，在室内共享的微博具有传染性和危险性。这项研究对目前的文献做出了贡献，提出了新冠肺炎的基于模拟的结果，通过与建筑相关和环境相关的参数对污染物浓度水平、排放周期和感染时间进行了调查。因此，本研究结果为更广泛地理解新冠肺炎建成环境和空气动力学行为之间的相关性提供了基础。
Purpose Biocontaminants represent higher risks to occupants' health in shared spaces. Natural ventilation is an effective strategy against indoor air biocontamination. However, the relationship between natural ventilation and indoor air contamination requires an in-depth investigation of the behavior of airborne infectious diseases, particularly concerning the contaminant's viral and aerodynamic characteristics. This research investigates the effectiveness of natural ventilation in preventing infection risks for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) through indoor air contamination of a free-running, naturally-ventilated room (where no space conditioning is used) that contains a person having COVID-19 through building-related parameters. Design/methodology/approach This research adopts a case study strategy involving a simulation-based approach. A simulation pipeline is implemented through a number of design scenarios for an open office. The simulation pipeline performs integrated contamination analysis, coupling a parametric 3D design environment, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and energy simulations. The results of the implemented pipeline for COVID-19 are evaluated for building and environment-related parameters. Study metrics are identified as indoor air contamination levels, discharge period and the time of infection. Findings According to the simulation results, higher indoor air temperatures help to reduce the infection risk. Free-running spring and fall seasons can pose higher infection risk as compared to summer. Higher opening-to-wall ratios have higher potential to reduce infection risk. Adjacent window configuration has an advantage over opposite window configuration. As a design strategy, increasing opening-to-wall ratio has a higher impact on reducing the infection risk as compared to changing the opening configuration from opposite to adjacent. However, each building setup is a unique case that requires a systematic investigation to reliably understand the complex airflow and contaminant dispersion behavior. Metrics, strategies and actions to minimize indoor contamination risks should be addressed in future building standards. The simulation pipeline developed in this study has the potential to support decision-making during the adaptation of existing buildings to pandemic conditions and the design of new buildings. Originality/value The addressed need of investigation is especially crucial for the COVID-19 that is contagious and hazardous in shared indoors due to its aerodynamic behavior, faster transmission rates and high viral replicability. This research contributes to the current literature by presenting the simulation-based results for COVID-19 as investigated through building-related and environment-related parameters against contaminant concentration levels, the discharge period and the time of infection. Accordingly, this research presents results to provide a basis for a broader understanding of the correlation between the built environment and the aerodynamic behavior of COVID-19.