Proteinase-activated receptors in the endometrium and endometriosis.
Proteinase-activated receptors in the endometrium and endometriosis.
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DOI：
10.2741/416
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Osuga;Yasushi Hirota;O. Yoshino;T. Hirata;K. Koga;Y. Taketani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Osuga;Yasushi Hirota;O. Yoshino;T. Hirata;K. Koga;Y. Taketani
蛋白酶激活受体（PARs）是由多种蛋白酶激活的G蛋白偶联受体。PAR在止血、血栓形成和炎症中发挥重要作用。PAR 1和PAR 2在来自在位子宫内膜的子宫内膜细胞和来自子宫内膜异位病变的子宫内膜异位细胞中表达。PAR 1的典型激活物凝血酶和PAR 2的典型激活物类胰蛋白酶在子宫内膜和子宫内膜异位病变中产生。子宫内膜间质细胞中PAR 1的激活诱导血管内皮生长因子和基质金属蛋白酶的产生，并增加组织型和尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物的活性。子宫内膜基质细胞中的PAR 2活化刺激白细胞介素（IL）-8和干细胞因子的产生和细胞增殖。增生性基质细胞中的PAR 1活化诱导IL-8、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1和环氧合酶-2的产生以及细胞增殖。增生性基质细胞中的PAR 2活化增加了IL-6和IL-8的分泌以及细胞的数量。这些发现表明PAR 1和PAR 2在子宫内膜和子宫内膜异位症中具有广泛的功能，并建议PAR 1和PAR 2作为子宫内膜异位症的可能治疗靶点。
Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) are G protein-coupled receptors activated by various proteinases. PARs play important roles in haemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. PAR1 and PAR2 are expressed in endometrial cells from the eutopic endometrium and endometriotic cells derived from endometriotic lesions. A typical activator of PAR1, thrombin, and a typical activator of PAR2, tryptase, are produced in the endometrium as well as endometriotic lesions. PAR1 activation in endometrial stromal cells induces production of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases, and increases activities of tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. PAR2 activation in endometrial stromal cells stimulates interleukin (IL)-8 and stem cell factor production and proliferation of the cells. PAR1 activation in endometriotic stromal cells induces production of IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and cyclooxygenase-2, and proliferation of the cells. PAR2 activation in endometriotic stromal cells increases secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, and the number of the cells. These findings indicate a wide range of function of PAR1 and PAR2 in the endometrium and endometriosis, and suggest PAR1 and PAR2 as possible therapeutic targets for endometriosis.