Noble metal nanoparticles applications in cancer.
Noble metal nanoparticles applications in cancer.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/751075
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baptista P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conde J;Doria G;Baptista P
纳米技术促进了新的和改进的材料用于生物医学应用，特别是在治疗和诊断方面。特别感兴趣的是为癌症提供增强的分子治疗，其中常规方法不能有效区分癌细胞和正常细胞;也就是说，它们缺乏特异性。这通常会导致全身毒性和严重的不良副作用，伴随着生活质量的下降。由于它们的小尺寸，纳米颗粒可以很容易地与细胞表面和细胞内部的生物分子相互作用，产生更好的信号和诊断和治疗的靶特异性。通过这种方式，已经研究了具有用生物分子进行多样化修饰的可能性的各种纳米颗粒用于生物医学应用，包括它们在高灵敏度成像测定、热消融和放射治疗增强以及药物和基因递送和沉默中的用途。在这里，我们回顾了用于癌症治疗的贵金属纳米颗粒，特别关注那些已经被转化为临床环境的纳米颗粒。
Nanotechnology has prompted new and improved materials for biomedical applications with particular emphasis in therapy and diagnostics. Special interest has been directed at providing enhanced molecular therapeutics for cancer, where conventional approaches do not effectively differentiate between cancerous and normal cells; that is, they lack specificity. This normally causes systemic toxicity and severe and adverse side effects with concomitant loss of quality of life. Because of their small size, nanoparticles can readily interact with biomolecules both at surface and inside cells, yielding better signals and target specificity for diagnostics and therapeutics. This way, a variety of nanoparticles with the possibility of diversified modification with biomolecules have been investigated for biomedical applications including their use in highly sensitive imaging assays, thermal ablation, and radiotherapy enhancement as well as drug and gene delivery and silencing. Here, we review the available noble metal nanoparticles for cancer therapy, with particular focus on those already being translated into clinical settings.