IBD (isolation by distance): A program for analyses of isolation by distance
IBD (isolation by distance): A program for analyses of isolation by distance
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DOI：
10.1093/jhered/93.2.153
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Bohonak, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bohonak, AJ
个体或群体之间的遗传相似性可以使用许多统计技术来确定（Bohonak 1999; Neigel 1997; Roderick 1996; Slatkin 1985）。当可以先验地定义种群时，一种选择是通过绘制种群对之间的遗传相似性（或距离）作为这些对之间的地理距离的函数来分析遗传“距离隔离”（sensu Wright 1943）。Slatkin（1993）建议用遗传距离M（1/FST 1）/4作为相似性度量，但也可采用其他方法（Epperson and Li 1996）。通过（地理）距离进行（遗传）隔离的主要用途是评估距离越远的种群对在遗传上是否差异越大。然而，这些图也可以用来测试更简单的种群结构模型的有效性（例如，岛屿或分层岛屿模型）。通过距离分析的隔离可能有助于将种群历史的影响与正在进行的基因流动分开，并测试替代传播途径的解释力（Slatkin 1994）。例如，人们可能会评估沿着河流或地形等倾线的沿着距离是否比“直线距离”更具有生物学相关性。还可以测试地理特征或特定生活史特征对种群分化的影响。Peterson和Denno（1998年）通过距离、坡度和拦截对具有不同扩散能力的物种的隔离进行了对比。
The genetic similarity among individuals or populations can be ascertained using a number of statistical techniques (reviewed by Bohonak 1999; Neigel 1997; Roderick 1996; Slatkin 1985). When populations can be defined a priori, one option is to analyze genetic ‘‘isolation by distance’’(sensu Wright 1943) by plotting the genetic similarity (or distance) among population pairs as a function of the geographic distance between those pairs. Slatkin (1993) suggested the genetic distance M(1/FST 1)/4 as an appropriate similarity measure, although other approaches are possible (eg, Epperson and Li 1996).Qualitative and statistical analyses of isolation by distance can reveal much about population genetic structure. The primary use for plots of (genetic) isolation by (geographic) distance is to assess whether more distant population pairs are more different genetically. However, these plots can also be used to test the validity of simpler models of population structure (eg, island or hierarchical island models). Isolation by distance analyses may help separate the effects of population history from ongoing gene flow, and test the explanatory power of alternative dispersal pathways (Slatkin 1994). For example, one might assess whether the distance along a river or a topographic isocline is more biologically relevant than distance ‘‘as the crow flies.’’The influence of geographic features or specific life-history traits on population differentiation can also be tested. Peterson and Denno (1998) contrasted isolation by distance slopes and intercepts in species with different dispersal abilities.