Biomimetic scaffolds for regeneration of volumetric muscle loss in skeletal muscle injuries.
Biomimetic scaffolds for regeneration of volumetric muscle loss in skeletal muscle injuries.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.actbio.2015.07.038
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发表时间：
2015-10
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Pins GD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grasman JM;Zayas MJ;Page RL;Pins GD
骨骼肌损伤通常由创伤性事件引起，例如战斗损伤，其中四种情况中有一种存在软组织肢体损伤。此外，由于车祸、癌症消融或美容手术，每年进行约450万次重建外科手术。这些战斗和创伤引起的骨骼肌损伤的特点是体积肌肉损失（VML），这显着降低了受伤肌肉的功能。虽然骨骼肌具有先天性修复机制，但它无法补偿VML损伤，因为大量组织（包括结缔组织和基底膜）被去除或破坏。这导致开发现成的仿生支架来指导骨骼肌再生的显著需求。在这里，描述了天然骨骼肌组织的结构和组织，以揭示明确的设计参数，这些参数是支架模仿成功再生肌肉组织所必需的。我们回顾了文献方面的材料和方法，用于开发支架骨骼肌组织再生以及这些材料的局限性。我们进一步讨论了各种细胞来源和不同的损伤模型，为用于评估这些支架材料的多种方法提供一些背景。最近的研究结果强调，以解决该领域的状态和方向概述了未来的战略，无论是在支架设计和使用不同的损伤模型来评估这些材料，再生功能的骨骼肌。
Skeletal muscle injuries typically result from traumatic incidents such as combat injuries where soft-tissue extremity injuries are present in one of four cases. Further, about 4.5 million reconstructive surgical procedures are performed annually as a result of car accidents, cancer ablation, or cosmetic procedures. These combat- and trauma-induced skeletal muscle injuries are characterized by volumetric muscle loss (VML), which significantly reduces the functionality of the injured muscle. While skeletal muscle has an innate repair mechanism, it is unable to compensate for VML injuries because large amounts of tissue including connective tissue and basement membrane are removed or destroyed. This results in in a significant need to develop off-the-shelf biomimetic scaffolds to direct skeletal muscle regeneration. Here, the structure and organization of native skeletal muscle tissue is described in order to reveal clear design parameters that are necessary for scaffolds to mimic in order to successfully regenerate muscular tissue. We review the literature with respect to the materials and methodologies used to develop scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration as well as the limitations of these materials. We further discuss the variety of cell sources and different injury models to provide some context for the multiple approaches used to evaluate these scaffold materials. Recent findings are highlighted to address the state of the field and directions are outlined for future strategies, both in scaffold design and in the use of different injury models to evaluate these materials, for regenerating functional skeletal muscle.