Enacted Stigma, Mental Health, and Protective Factors Among Transgender Youth in Canada.
Enacted Stigma, Mental Health, and Protective Factors Among Transgender Youth in Canada.
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DOI：
10.1089/trgh.2017.0031
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Saewyc EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Veale JF;Peter T;Travers R;Saewyc EM
目的：我们的目的是评估少数民族压力模型，该模型提出，经历耻辱的压力会导致不良的心理健康结果，但社会支持（例如，学校和家庭的联系）将减少这种负面影响。研究方法：我们测量的耻辱相关的经验，社会支持和心理健康（自伤，自杀，抑郁和焦虑）之间的样本923加拿大变性14至25岁的青少年和年轻人使用双语在线调查。Logistic回归模型分析了这些风险和保护因素与两个不同年龄组（14至18岁和19至25岁）的心理健康结果之间的关系。结果如下：歧视，骚扰和暴力（制定的耻辱）的经验呈正相关的心理健康问题和社会支持呈负相关的心理健康问题在两个年龄组的所有模型。在14-18奥尔兹中，我们检查了学校联系，家庭联系和对朋友分别关心的感知，家庭联系总是多变量模型中最强的保护性预测因子。在我们研究的所有心理健康结果中，报告低水平的已制定的耻辱经历和高水平的保护因素的跨性别青年倾向于报告有利的心理健康结果。相反，大多数参与者报告了高水平的已制定的耻辱和低水平的保护因素，报告了不良的心理健康结果。结论：虽然这些研究结果受到非概率抽样程序和潜在的额外不可测量的风险和保护因素的限制，但结果为这一人群的少数民族压力模型提供了积极的证据，并肯定了支持学校和家庭支持跨性别青年的政策和计划的必要性。
Purpose: We aimed to assess the Minority Stress Model which proposes that the stress of experiencing stigma leads to adverse mental health outcomes, but social supports (e.g., school and family connectedness) will reduce this negative effect. Methods: We measured stigma-related experiences, social supports, and mental health (self-injury, suicide, depression, and anxiety) among a sample of 923 Canadian transgender 14- to 25-year-old adolescents and young adults using a bilingual online survey. Logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the relationship between these risk and protective factors and dichotomous mental health outcomes among two separate age groups, 14- to 18-year-old and 19- to 25-year-old participants. Results: Experiences of discrimination, harassment, and violence (enacted stigma) were positively related to mental health problems and social support was negatively associated with mental health problems in all models among both age groups. Among 14–18 year olds, we examined school connectedness, family connectedness, and perception of friends caring separately, and family connectedness was always the strongest protective predictor in multivariate models. In all the mental health outcomes we examined, transgender youth reporting low levels of enacted stigma experiences and high levels of protective factors tended to report favorable mental health outcomes. Conversely, the majority of participants reporting high levels of enacted stigma and low levels of protective factors reported adverse mental health outcomes. Conclusion: While these findings are limited by nonprobability sampling procedures and potential additional unmeasured risk and protective factors, the results provide positive evidence for the Minority Stress Model in this population and affirm the need for policies and programs to support schools and families to support transgender youth.