A comparison of cerebral activity in the prefrontal region between young adults and the elderly while driving
A comparison of cerebral activity in the prefrontal region between young adults and the elderly while driving
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DOI：
10.2114/jpa2.26.409
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Hatakeyama, Eiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harada, Hajime;Nashihara, Hiroshi;Hatakeyama, Eiko
本研究的目的是探讨青年和老年受试者在驾驶过程中前额叶区脑活动的差异。向受试者解释实验过程，并取得受试者的知情同意。14名年轻成年男性（21.6±0.76岁）。7名老年男性（69.9±4.91岁）和7名老年女性（66.6±6.02岁）自愿作为实验对象。通过近红外光谱（NIRS）和时间分辨光谱（TRS）测量双侧前额叶区脱氧血红蛋白、含氧血红蛋白和总血红蛋白，对脑区域活动进行无创测量。利用CCD摄像机和视频记录仪记录了与前车的距离、车速和制动情况，并获取了驾驶员的行为。实验车内温度23-25℃，相对湿度30-40% RH。车内背景噪音为50 ~ 65分贝(A)。经验不足的年轻人在开车时比经验丰富的年轻人表现出更大的前额叶大脑活动增加。老年人在休息时的前额叶活动低于年轻人，在开车时与年轻人的前额叶活动差异不大。经验不足的年轻人和老年男性在驾驶中表现出相似的行为模式，例如在变道时不仔细观察后视镜。缺乏经验的年轻人被认为不太适应驾驶。通过测量驾驶时脑血流动力学的变化来评价驾驶适应性是可能的。
The Purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of cerebral activity in the prefrontal region between young adults and elderly subjects during driving. The procedure of the experiment was explained to the subjects and informed consent was obtained. Fourteen young male adults (21.6 +/- 0.76 yrs). seven elderly males (69.9 +/- 4.91 yrs), and seven elderly females (66.6 +/- 6.02 yrs) Volunteered as subjects for the experiments. Non-invasive measurement of regional cerebral activity was estimated by measuring the deoxygenated hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, and total hemoglobin of both sides of the prefrontal region using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) arid time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS). The distance to the vehicle in front, speed, and braking were recorded and the behavior of the drivers was obtained using a CCD camera arid video recorder. Temperature and relative humidity in the experimental car were 23-25 degrees Centigrade and 30-40% RH respectively. Background noise in the car was 50-65 dB (A). The less experienced Young adults display a greater increase in prefrontal cerebral activity than do the experienced young adults during driving. Prefirontal cerebral activity in elderly Subjects is lower than that in young adults at rest arid shows little variation compared with young adults during driving. Less experienced young adults arid elderly males display similar behavior patterns in driving, Such as not observing the door mirror carefully when changing lane. The less experienced young adults are considered to be less adapted to driving. It is possible to evaluate adaptability for driving by means of measuring cerebral hemodynamic changes while driving.