Epidermal Differentiation Complex: A Review on Its Epigenetic Regulation and Potential Drug Targets.
Epidermal Differentiation Complex: A Review on Its Epigenetic Regulation and Potential Drug Targets.
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DOI：
10.22074/cellj.2016.3980
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Palamadai Krishnan S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abhishek S;Palamadai Krishnan S
哺乳动物皮肤的主要特征包括毛囊、毛囊间表皮和皮脂腺，所有这些都形成毛囊-皮脂腺单位。表皮保护层经历一个有序的/程序化的增殖和分化过程，最终形成由去核的角质细胞组成的角化的包膜。这些终末分化细胞以周期性方式脱落，这一过程是通过诱导或抑制表皮分化复合体(EDC)基因来调节的。这些基因跨越人类染色体1q21的2Mb区域，通过不同的机制在表皮发育中发挥关键作用。这些机制中的每一种都使用独特的染色质重新建模因子或表观遗传修饰物。这些因素单独和/或联合作用于调节表皮分化。像牛皮癣和癌症这样的疾病表现出增殖和分化的异常，部分原因是这些表观遗传机制的失调。了解上述生理和病理背景下的现有机制不仅有助于药物的开发，还可以对现有的药物输送系统进行改进。
The primary feature of the mammalian skin includes the hair follicle, inter-follicular epidermis and the sebaceous glands, all of which form pilo-sebaceous units. The epidermal protective layer undergoes an ordered/programmed process of proliferation and differentiation, ultimately culminating in the formation of a cornified envelope consisting of enucleated corneocytes. These terminally differentiated cells slough off in a cyclic manner and this process is regulated via induction or repression of epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) genes. These genes, spanning 2 Mb region of human chromosome 1q21, play a crucial role in epidermal development, through various mechanisms. Each of these mechanisms employs a unique chromatin re-modelling factor or an epigenetic modifier. These factors act to regulate epidermal differentiation singly and/or in combination. Diseases like psoriasis and cancer exhibit aberrations in proliferation and differentiation through, in part, dysregulation in these epigenetic mechanisms. Knowledge of the existing mechanisms in the physiological and the aforesaid pathological contexts may not only facilitate drug development, it also can make refinements to the existing drug delivery systems.