A THEORY OF VISUAL-STABILITY ACROSS SACCADIC EYE-MOVEMENTS
A THEORY OF VISUAL-STABILITY ACROSS SACCADIC EYE-MOVEMENTS
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DOI：
10.1017/s0140525x00034361
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发表时间：
1994-06-01
影响因子：
29.3
通讯作者：
VELICHKOVSKY, BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BRIDGEMAN, B;VANDERHEIJDEN, AHC;VELICHKOVSKY, BM
我们确定了保持知觉稳定性的问题的两个方面，尽管观察者的眼球运动。第一，视觉方向恒定，是物体在视觉世界中相对于感知者的明显位置的（以自我为中心的）稳定性。第二，视觉位置稳定性，是物体相对于彼此位置的（外心）稳定性。我们分析了视觉方向的稳定性，尽管眼球跳跃性运动。为了使视觉系统达到稳定，人们提出了三个信息源：视野的结构、本体感觉的流入以及眼外肌的神经影响或流出的拷贝。这些来源本身都不能提供足够的信息来实现视觉方向的恒定；目前的证据表明，这三种方法都被使用过。我们的最后一个问题是关于信息处理操作如何导致一个稳定的世界。传统上提出的三种方法是消除、翻译或评价。所有的都被拒绝了。通过对生理和心理证据的回顾，我们得出结论，不需要进行减法、补偿或评估。这些解决方案所要解决的问题原来是一个错误的问题。我们提出了一种“校准”解决方案：每次固定时重新计算正确的空间位置。在这个计算中使用了流入、流出和视网膜源：位移的跳眼抑制弥补了这些源与实际运动程度之间的误差。
We identify two aspects of the problem of maintaining perceptual stability despite an observer's eye movements. The first, visual direction constancy, is the (egocentric) stability of apparent positions of objects in the visual world relative to the perceiver. The second, visual position constancy, is the (exocentric) stability of positions of objects relative to each other. We analyze the constancy of visual direction despite saccadic eye movements.Three information sources have been proposed to enable the visual system to achieve stability: the structure of the visual field, proprioceptive inflow, and a copy of neural efference or outflow to the extraocular muscles. None of these sources by itself provides adequate information to achieve visual direction constancy; present evidence indicates that all three are used.Our final question concerns how information processing operations result in a stable world. The three traditionally suggested means have been elimination, translation, or evaluation. All are rejected. From a review of the physiological and psychological evidence we conclude that no subtraction, compensation, or evaluation need take place. The problem for which these solutions were developed turns out to be a false one. We propose a ''calibration'' solution: correct spatiotopic positions are calculated anew for each fixation. Inflow, outflow, and retinal sources are used in this calculation: saccadic suppression of displacement bridges the errors between these sources and the actual extent of movement.