Differences in Culturable Microbial Communities in Bird Nestboxes According to Orientation and Influences on Offspring Quality in Great Tits (Parus major)
Differences in Culturable Microbial Communities in Bird Nestboxes According to Orientation and Influences on Offspring Quality in Great Tits (Parus major)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-011-9992-7
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Stallwood, Bethan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodenough, Anne E.;Stallwood, Bethan
虽然鸟类与微生物的相互作用已成为一个越来越多的研究课题，巢址的特点，如腔的方向，对巢微生物群落在自由生活的雀形目的影响还没有，据我们所知，进行了调查。这是尽管微生物的差异解释非随机模式在巢址选择和后代质量的可能性，如大山雀（山雀）所表现出的。我们擦拭了大山雀的巢箱，这些巢箱朝向西南偏南（180- 269 A度）或东北偏北（0- 89 A度）。总的来说，28种细菌和11种真菌被分离出来，但可培养的微生物群落在不同的方向之间有很大的不同，实际上巢箱可以被分类到它们的方向组，具有很高的准确性，使用微生物数据。面向西南偏南的巢箱比面向东北偏北的巢箱有更高的真菌负荷（通常是两倍），这是由于两个物种的丰度更高，Epicoccum purpurascens和Cladosporium cladosporioides。有没有总细菌负荷和方向之间的关系，虽然一个物种，假单胞菌veronii的丰度，是显着较低的西南偏南的盒子。过敏原E. purpurascens解释了近20%的后代质量的变化，是显着和负相关的小鸡大小（高负荷与小，质量差，小鸡）。我们的研究结果提供了经验证据，巢箱方向和可培养微生物负荷之间的相关性，并进一步相关的一个物种，E。purpurascens和后代质量。因此，微生物负荷，这本身是由巢腔参数的影响，可能是影响巢址的选择，通过其对后代质量的影响（因此，整体繁殖力）的最接近的因素。
Although bird-microbial interactions have become a topic of increasing research, the influence of nest-site characteristics, such as cavity orientation, on nest microbial communities in free-living passerines has not, to our knowledge, been investigated. This is despite the possibility of microbial differences explaining non-random patterns in nest-site selection and offspring quality, such as those exhibited by great tits (Parus major). We swabbed great tit nestboxes that faced either south-southwest (180-269A degrees) or north-northeast (0-89A degrees). Overall, 28 bacterial species and 11 fungal species were isolated, but the culturable microbial community differed substantially between different orientations-indeed nestboxes could be classified to their orientation group with high accuracy using microbial data. Nestboxes facing south-southwest had a significantly higher fungal load (typically double) than those facing north-northeast due to a higher abundance of two species, Epicoccum purpurascens and Cladosporium cladosporioides. There was no relationship between total bacterial load and orientation, although the abundance of one species, Pseudomonas veronii, was significantly lower in south-southwest boxes. The abundance of the allergen E. purpurascens explained almost 20% of the variation in offspring quality, being significantly and inversely related to chick size (high loads associated with small, poor quality, chicks). Our results provide empirical evidence for a correlation between nestbox orientation and culturable microbial load and a further correlation between abundance of one species, E. purpurascens, and offspring quality. Thus, microbial load, which is itself influenced by nest cavity parameters, could be the proximate factor that influences nest-site choice through its effect on offspring quality (and thus, overall fecundity).