The olfactory system of migratory adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is specifically and acutely sensitive to unique bile acids released by conspecific larvae.
The olfactory system of migratory adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is specifically and acutely sensitive to unique bile acids released by conspecific larvae.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1085/jgp.105.5.569
复制
发表时间：
1995-05
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gallaher, D D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, W;Sorensen, P W;Gallaher, D D
幼体栖息在淡水溪流中，并在彻底变态后迁移到海洋或湖泊中觅食;随后，成熟的成年人返回溪流产卵。先前的观察表明，七鳃鳗利用同种幼虫的气味来选择产卵的溪流。在这里，我们报告的生化和电生理证据表明，这种气味是由两个独特的胆汁酸释放的幼虫。高效液相色谱和质谱分析表明，七鳃鳗幼体产生和释放两种独特的胆汁酸，别胆酸（ACA）和硫酸岩米唑醇（PS）。电嗅觉图（EOG）记录也表明，迁移成年海七鳃鳗的嗅觉系统是急性和特异性敏感的ACA和PS，这些化合物的检测阈值约为10（-12）M。ACA和PS是最有效的38胆汁酸测试和交叉适应实验表明，成年海七鳃鳗有特定的嗅觉受体位点与这些胆汁酸的独立信号转导途径。这些受体位点特异性识别ACA和PS的关键取代基，例如5 α-氢、三个轴向羟基和C-24硫酸酯或羧基。总之，独特的七鳃鳗胆汁酸，ACA和PS，是有效的和具体的兴奋剂的成年嗅觉系统，强烈支持的假设，这些独特的胆汁酸的迁移信息素在七鳃鳗的功能。
Larval sea lamprey inhabit freshwater streams and migrate to oceans or lakes to feed after a radical metamorphosis; subsequently, mature adults return to streams to spawn. Previous observations suggested that lamprey utilize the odor of conspecific larvae to select streams for spawning. Here we report biochemical and electrophysiological evidence that this odor is comprised of two unique bile acids released by larvae. High performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry demonstrated that larval sea lamprey produce and release two unique bile acids, allocholic acid (ACA) and petromyzonol sulfate (PS). Electro-olfactogram (EOG) recording also demonstrated that the olfactory system of migratory adult sea lamprey is acutely and specifically sensitive to ACA and PS; detection thresholds for these compounds were approximately 10(-12) M. ACA and PS were the most potent of 38 bile acids tested and cross-adaptation experiments suggested that adult sea lamprey have specific olfactory receptor sites associated with independent signal transduction pathways for these bile acids. These receptor sites specifically recognize the key substituents of ACA and PS such as a 5 alpha-hydrogen, three axial hydroxyls, and a C-24 sulfate ester or carboxyl. In conclusion, the unique lamprey bile acids, ACA and PS, are potent and specific stimulants of the adult olfactory system, strongly supporting the hypothesis that these unique bile acids function as migratory pheromones in lamprey.