Occupational exposure to carbofuran and the incidence of cancer in the Agricultural Health Study.
Occupational exposure to carbofuran and the incidence of cancer in the Agricultural Health Study.
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在农业健康研究中，职业暴露于carbofuran和癌症的发病率。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.7451
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发表时间：
2005-03
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
呋喃丹是一种氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂，注册用于多种粮食作物，包括玉米、苜蓿、水稻和烟草。据估计，美国每年使用约500万磅呋喃丹，45%的城市非裔美国女性血浆中可检测到呋喃丹。亚硝基化呋喃丹已显示出致突变特性。我们在参与农业健康研究的来自爱荷华州和北卡罗来纳州的49877名持证农药施用者中，研究了呋喃丹暴露与几个肿瘤部位的关系。我们使用自填问卷获取了22种农药的使用年限、平均每年使用频率以及开始使用时间等信息。采用泊松回归计算比率（RR）和95%置信区间（CI），并对潜在混杂因素进行了调整。与一生暴露天数<9天的人相比，一生暴露于呋喃丹>109天的人患肺癌的风险高3倍（RR = 3.05；95% CI，0.94 - 9.87），每年使用天数和总使用年限均呈现显著的剂量 - 反应趋势。然而，当以未暴露者作为参照时，呋喃丹的使用与肺癌风险无关。此外，呋喃丹暴露与所研究的任何其他肿瘤部位均无关。尽管氨基甲酸酯类农药被怀疑是人类致癌物，但这些结果应谨慎解读，因为没有预先设定的假设专门将呋喃丹与肺癌联系起来。
Carbofuran is a carbamate insecticide registered for use on a variety of food crops including corn, alfalfa, rice, and tobacco. An estimated 5 million pounds of carbofuran is used annually in the United States, and 45% of urban African-American women have detectable levels of carbofuran in their plasma. Nitrosated carbofuran has demonstrated mutagenic properties. We examined exposure to carbofuran and several tumor sites among 49,877 licensed pesticide applicators from Iowa and North Carolina enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study. We obtained information regarding years of use, frequency of use in an average year, and when use began for 22 pesticides using self-administered questionnaires. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for potential confounders. Lung cancer risk was 3-fold higher for those with > 109 days of lifetime exposure to carbofuran (RR = 3.05; 95% CI, 0.94–9.87) compared with those with < 9 lifetime exposure days, with a significant dose–response trend for both days of use per year and total years of use. However, carbofuran use was not associated with lung cancer risk when nonexposed persons were used as the referent. In addition, carbofuran exposure was not associated with any other cancer site examined. Although carbamate pesticides are suspected human carcinogens, these results should be interpreted cautiously because there was no a priori hypothesis specifically linking carbofuran to lung cancer.