Hydration state controls stress responsiveness and social behavior.
Hydration state controls stress responsiveness and social behavior.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.6078-10.2011
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发表时间：
2011-04-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Herman JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krause EG;de Kloet AD;Flak JN;Smeltzer MD;Solomon MB;Evanson NK;Woods SC;Sakai RR;Herman JP
Life stress frequently occurs within the context of homeostatic challenge, requiring integration of physiological and psychological need into appropriate hormonal, cardiovascular and behavioral responses. To test neural mechanisms underlying stress integration within the context of homeostatic adversity, we evaluated the impact of a pronounced physiological (hypernatremia) challenge on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA), cardiovascular and behavioral responses to an acute psychogenic stress. Relative to normonatremic controls, rats rendered mildly hypernatremic had decreased HPA activation in response to physical restraint, a commonly used rodent model of psychogenic stress. In addition, acute hypernatremia attenuated the cardiovascular response to restraint and promoted faster recovery to pre-stress levels. Subsequent to restraint, hypernatremic rats had significantly more c-Fos expression in oxytocin and vasopressin containing neurons within the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. Hypernatremia also completely eliminated the increased plasma-renin-activity that accompanied restraint in controls, but greatly elevated circulating levels of oxytocin. The endocrine and cardiovascular profile of hypernatremic rats was predictive of decreased anxiety-like behavior in the social interaction test. Collectively, the results indicate that acute hypernatremia is a potent inhibitor of the HPA, cardiovascular and behavioral limbs of the stress response. The implications are that the compensatory responses that promote renal-sodium excretion when faced with hypernatremia also act on the nervous system to decrease reactivity to psychogenic stressors and facilitate social behavior, which may suppress the anxiety associated with approaching a communal water source and support the social interactions that may be encountered when engaging in drinking behavior.
