A synthesis of major environmental-body size clines of the sexes within arthropod species.
A synthesis of major environmental-body size clines of the sexes within arthropod species.
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节肢动物物种内性别的主要环境体型大小谱系的综合。
DOI：
10.1007/s00442-019-04428-7
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Horne CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horne CR
成熟时的身体大小通常随环境条件而变化，以及一个物种内的雄性和雌性之间[称为性大小二态性（SSD）]。两性之间的体型倾斜的变化可以决定SSD在环境梯度上变化的程度。我们使用一个荟萃分析的方法来调查是否主要的地理和时间（每年跨季节）的身体大小渐变系统的性别之间的节肢动物。我们认为329种内的环境梯度在成年人的身体大小在纬度，海拔和季节性温度变化，代表126节肢动物物种从16个分类目的。平均而言，我们观察到更大的变化，男性比女性的身体大小在整个纬度，一致的假设，在进化的时间，方向选择作用于男性比女性的大小更强烈。相比之下，无论是性别表现出一贯更大的比例变化，在身体大小比其他性别跨越海拔或季节梯度，类似于早期的研究结果，塑料温度大小的反应在实验室中测量。两性间个体大小梯度的差异程度不能用一系列潜在的影响因素来解释，包括环境类型（水生与陆生）、化性、平均物种的个体大小、SSD程度或梯度方向。最终，如果我们要更好地理解SSD在环境梯度中的模式（或缺乏模式），我们需要更详细地了解驱动体型倾斜的潜在选择性压力。这种理解将提供一个更全面的假设驱动的方法来解释SSD的地理和时间变化。
Body size at maturity often varies with environmental conditions, as well as between males and females within a species [termed Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD)]. Variation in body size clines between the sexes can determine the degree to which SSD varies across environmental gradients. We use a meta-analytic approach to investigate whether major biogeographical and temporal (intra-annually across seasons) body size clines differ systematically between the sexes in arthropods. We consider 329 intra-specific environmental gradients in adult body size across latitude, altitude and with seasonal temperature variation, representing 126 arthropod species from 16 taxonomic orders. On average, we observe greater variability in male than female body size across latitude, consistent with the hypothesis that, over evolutionary time, directional selection has acted more strongly on male than female size. In contrast, neither sex exhibits consistently greater proportional changes in body size than the other sex across altitudinal or seasonal gradients, akin to earlier findings for plastic temperature-size responses measured in the laboratory. Variation in the degree to which body size gradients differ between the sexes cannot be explained by a range of potentially influential factors, including environment type (aquatic vs. terrestrial), voltinism, mean species’ body size, degree of SSD, or gradient direction. Ultimately, if we are to make better sense of the patterns (or lack thereof) in SSD across environmental gradients, we require a more detailed understanding of the underlying selective pressures driving clines in body size. Such understanding will provide a more comprehensive hypothesis-driven approach to explaining biogeographical and temporal variation in SSD.