The Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Organophosphorous Pesticides in Chinese Surface Water
The Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Organophosphorous Pesticides in Chinese Surface Water
复制标题
中国地表水中有机磷农药的赋存与空间分布
DOI：
10.1007/s00128-008-9618-z
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Wang, Zijian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gao, Jijun;Liu, Linghua;Wang, Zijian
我国部分沃茨已出现有机磷农药污染的报道。为了解我国地表水中有机磷农药的污染状况和空间分布，于2003 - 2004年对我国七大流域和三大内陆河流域的600多个采样点进行了采样分析。分析了地表水样品中敌敌畏、敌草酮、乐果、甲基敌百虫、马拉硫磷和敌百虫等代表性有机磷农药的含量。一般而言，最常检测到的化合物是敌敌畏和地美通，敌敌畏的样本检出率为89.1%（平均值= 17.8纳克/升;范围<1.4- 1，552.0纳克/升），地美通的样本检出率为78.2%（平均值= 35.4纳克/升;范围<1.5- 2，560.0纳克/升）。而乐果、甲基对硫磷、马拉硫磷和敌百磷在地表水中的检出率均小于50%。6种化合物的实测浓度均较低，很少超过中国地表水环境质量标准。这6种有机磷农药在中国北方河流中的检出频率高于南方河流，且浓度远高于南方河流。调查结果表明，黄河、淮河、辽河和海河流域的有机磷农药污染值得关注。与世界其他地区相比，我国地表水受到乐果、甲基敌百虫、马拉硫磷、敌敌畏等农药的中度污染，敌敌畏、敌百虫等农药也有一定程度的污染。
The organophosphorous pesticides (OPPs) contaminations have been reported to occur in some Chinese waters. To describe the contamination status and the spatial distribution of OPPs in the surface water throughout China, samples were collected from over 600 sites located in the surface water of seven major river basins and three main internal rivers drainage areas during 2003 and 2004. The surface water samples were analyzed for the representative OPPs including dichlorvos, demeton, dimethoate, methyl parathion, malathion and parathion. In general, the most frequently detected compound was dichlorvos and demeton, being detected in 89.1% of samples (mean = 17.8 ng/L; range <1.4–1,552.0 ng/L) for dichlorvos, and 78.2% of samples (mean = 35.4 ng/L; range <1.5–2,560.0 ng/L) for demeton. While the detection frequencies of the dimethoate, methyl parathion, malathion, and parathion were all less than 50% in all the surface water samples. Measured concentrations for the six compounds were low and rarely exceed the environment quality standard for surface water of China. The six OPPs compounds were more frequently detected at much higher concentrations in the rivers of north China compared with those of south China. The results of this investigation indicate that OPPs contamination in the Yellow River, Huaihe River, Liaohe River, and Haihe River basins of north China should be of particular concern. When compared with other regions of the world, it appears that the Chinese surface water is some moderately polluted by dimethoate, methyl parathion, malathion, parathion and contaminated by dichlorvos and demeton in certain degree.