Cell wall remodeling under salt stress: Insights into changes in polysaccharides, feruloylation, lignification, and phenolic metabolism in maize
Cell wall remodeling under salt stress: Insights into changes in polysaccharides, feruloylation, lignification, and phenolic metabolism in maize
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DOI：
10.1111/pce.13805
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
dos Santos, Wanderley D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Oliveira, Dyoni M.;Mota, Thatiane R.;dos Santos, Wanderley D.
虽然细胞壁聚合物在植物对非生物胁迫的耐受性中起着重要作用，但盐对禾本科植物细胞壁组成和代谢的影响在很大程度上尚未研究。在这里，我们进行了深入的研究，在细胞壁组成和酚类代谢的变化引起的盐在玉米幼苗和植物。细胞壁特征表明，盐胁迫调制的沉积纤维素，基质多糖和木质素在幼苗根，植物根和茎。阿拉伯木聚糖的提取和分析的尺寸排阻色谱法，2D-NMR光谱和糖凝胶电泳显示盐胁迫根中阿拉伯木聚糖含量减少。皂化和温和的酸水解表明，盐也降低了幼苗和植物根中阿拉伯聚糖的阿魏酸化。通过硝基苯氧化和2D-NMR测定木质素含量和组成，证实了玉米根木质素中双辛基单元的增加。盐胁迫还诱导参与苯丙素类生物合成的基因表达和酶活性。基于UHPLC-MS的代谢物谱分析证实了盐度和阿魏酸及其衍生物3-和4-O-阿魏酰奎尼酸酯的积累对酚谱的调节。总之，我们提出了一个模型来解释细胞壁重塑响应saltin.We证明了玉米幼苗根和根，茎，叶中的结晶纤维素，基质多糖和木质素的量的盐胁迫诱导的调制。盐胁迫降低了阿拉伯木聚糖的阿魏酰化，增加了阿拉伯木质素的掺入，并诱导了阿魏酸及其衍生物的生物合成和积累。基于这些发现，我们提出了一个模型的草细胞壁重塑响应盐度。
Although cell wall polymers play important roles in the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress, the effects of salinity on cell wall composition and metabolism in grasses remain largely unexplored. Here, we conducted an in-depth study of changes in cell wall composition and phenolic metabolism induced upon salinity in maize seedlings and plants. Cell wall characterization revealed that salt stress modulated the deposition of cellulose, matrix polysaccharides and lignin in seedling roots, plant roots and stems. The extraction and analysis of arabinoxylans by size-exclusion chromatography, 2D-NMR spectroscopy and carbohydrate gel electrophoresis showed a reduction of arabinoxylan content in salt-stressed roots. Saponification and mild acid hydrolysis revealed that salinity also reduced the feruloylation of arabinoxylans in roots of seedlings and plants. Determination of lignin content and composition by nitrobenzene oxidation and 2D-NMR confirmed the increased incorporation of syringyl units in lignin of maize roots. Salt stress also induced the expression of genes and the activity of enzymes enrolled in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. The UHPLC-MS-based metabolite profiling confirmed the modulation of phenolic profiling by salinity and the accumulation of ferulate and its derivatives 3- and 4-O-feruloyl quinate. In conclusion, we present a model for explaining cell wall remodeling in response to salinity.We demonstrate the modulations induced by salt stress in the amounts of crystalline cellulose, matrix polysaccharides and lignin in roots of maize seedlings and roots, stems and leaves of maize plants. Salt stress reduced the feruloylation of arabinoxylan, increased the incorporation of syringyl lignin, and induced the biosynthesis and accumulation of ferulic acid and its derivatives. Based on these findings, we propose a model of grass cell wall remodeling in response to salinity.