Role of SAMHD1 nuclear localization in restriction of HIV-1 and SIVmac.

Role of SAMHD1 nuclear localization in restriction of HIV-1 and SIVmac.
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DOI:
10.1186/1742-4690-9-49
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发表时间:
2012-06-12
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Diaz-Griffero F
Diaz-Griffero F
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Brandariz-Nuñez A;Valle-Casuso JC;White TE;Laguette N;Benkirane M;Brojatsch J;Diaz-Griffero F

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SAMHD 1是一种核蛋白,在巨噬细胞和树突状细胞中逆转录之前阻断慢病毒感染。病毒辅助蛋白Vpx通过诱导其蛋白酶体降解克服SAMHD 1介导的慢病毒阻断。在此,我们鉴定了SAMHD 1的核定位信号(NLS),并研究了其对HIV-1和SIVmac的限制作用。通过研究不同SAMHD 1变体的细胞分布,我们将SAMHD 1的核定位定位于残基11 KRPR 14。这些残基的突变改变了SAMHD 1的细胞分布从细胞核到细胞质。失去核定位的SAMHD 1突变体与野生型蛋白一样有效地限制HIV-1和SIV。有趣的是,SAMHD 1突变体,定位于细胞质不被核Vpx等位基因降解。因此,核Vpx等位基因需要SAMHD 1的核定位以诱导其降解。一致的是,编码Vpx的SIVmac病毒没有克服SAMHD 1的细胞质变体所施加的限制。我们将SAMHD 1的NLS定位到11 KRPR 14残基,并研究了SAMHD 1的核定位对HIV-1和SIV的限制作用。这些实验表明,SAMHD 1的细胞质变体有效地阻断慢病毒感染,并对Vpx介导的降解具有抗性。这里研究的核Vpx等位基因仅能够降解核定位的SAMHD 1,这表明Vpx介导的SAMHD 1降解是在细胞核中启动的。
SAMHD1 is a nuclear protein that blocks lentiviral infection before reverse transcription in macrophages and dendritic cells. The viral accessory protein Vpx overcomes the SAMHD1-mediated lentiviral block by inducing its proteasomal degradation. Here, we identified the nuclear localization signal (NLS) of SAMHD1, and studied its contribution to restriction of HIV-1 and SIVmac. By studying the cellular distribution of different SAMHD1 variants, we mapped the nuclear localization of SAMHD1 to residues 11KRPR14. Mutagenesis of these residues changed the cellular distribution of SAMHD1 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. SAMHD1 mutants that lost nuclear localization restricted HIV-1 and SIV as potently as the wild type protein. Interestingly, SAMHD1 mutants that localized to the cytoplasm were not degraded by nuclear Vpx alleles. Therefore, nuclear Vpx alleles require nuclear localization of SAMHD1 in order to induce its degradation. In agreement, SIVmac viruses encoding Vpx did not overcome the restriction imposed by the cytoplasmic variants of SAMHD1. We mapped the NLS of SAMHD1 to residues 11KRPR14 and studied the contribution of SAMHD1 nuclear localization to restriction of HIV-1 and SIV. These experiments demonstrate that cytoplasmic variants of SAMHD1 potently block lentiviral infection and are resistant to Vpx-mediated degradation. The nuclear Vpx alleles studied here are only capable of degrading a nuclearly localized SAMHD1 suggesting that Vpx-mediated degradation of SAMHD1 is initiated in the nucleus.
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