THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT ON AMPHETAMINE-STIMULATED LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY, DOPAMINE SYNTHESIS AND DOPAMINE RELEASE
THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT ON AMPHETAMINE-STIMULATED LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY, DOPAMINE SYNTHESIS AND DOPAMINE RELEASE
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DOI：
10.1016/0028-3908(93)90144-r
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
BARDO, MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BOWLING, SL;ROWLETT, JK;BARDO, MT
在两个独立的实验中，从21日龄到60日龄，将大鼠饲养在富裕条件（EC）或贫困条件（IC）中。实验1评估了安非他明刺激下的运动活动以及伏隔核（NA）和纹状体（Str）体内多巴胺（DA）的合成和代谢。实验2体外观察安非他明刺激下NA和Str中DA的释放。结果表明，EC大鼠的基础运动活动水平低于IC大鼠。然而，在安非他明的存在下，与对照组相比，EC大鼠的运动能力比IC大得多。伴随着这种行为差异，EC大鼠体内对安非他明也表现出增强的神经化学反应。也就是说，相对于IC大鼠，安非他明在EC大鼠的Str中产生更大的DA合成，在EC大鼠的NA中产生更大的DA代谢。在体外DA释放实验中，EC大鼠的组织DA浓度低于IC大鼠。但与体内实验相比，EC和IC大鼠在体外苯丙胺类药物刺激下的DA释放在Str和NA中均无显著差异。安非他明未能在体外实验中对EC和IC大鼠产生不同的神经化学效应，可能是因为该实验消除了药代动力学效应或NA和Str以外脑区域的神经化学差异。
In two separate experiments, rats were raised in either an enriched condition (EC) or impoverished condition (IC) from 21 to 60 days of age. Experiment 1 assessed amphetamine-stimulated locomotor activity and in vivo dopamine (DA) synthesis and metabolism in the nucleus accumbens (NA) and striatum (Str). In Experiment 2, amphetamine-stimulated DA release in the NA and Str was assessed in vitro. The results showed that EC rats have lower basal levels of locomotor activity than IC rats. However, in the presence of amphetamine, EC rats showed a greater increase in locomotion over IC when compared to their own controls. Concomitant with this behavioral difference, EC rats also showed an enhanced neurochemical response to amphetamine in vivo. That is, relative to IC rats, amphetamine produced a greater synthesis of DA in the Str of EC rats, as well as a greater metabolism of DA in the NA of EC rats. In the in vitro DA release experiment, EC rats had a lower concentration of tissue DA than IC. However, in contrast to the in vivo experiment, there were no significant differences between EC and IC rats in amphetamine-stimulated release of DA in vitro in either the Str or NA. The failure of amphetamine to produce differential neurochemical effects in EC and IC rats in vitro may be because this experiment eliminated either pharmacokinetic effects or neurochemical differences in brain regions outside the NA and Str.