Brain morphometry and cognitive performance in detoxified alcohol-dependents with preserved psychosocial functioning
Brain morphometry and cognitive performance in detoxified alcohol-dependents with preserved psychosocial functioning
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.npp.1301219
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Martinot, Jean-Luc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chanraud, Sandra;Martelli, Catherine;Martinot, Jean-Luc
在社会功能完好的酒精依赖者中，结构性脑损伤和相关认知缺陷的程度几乎没有得到描述。因此，我们调查了地区变化、高管业绩和饮酒史之间的关系。使用磁共振成像体素形态测量法对健康男性和心理社会功能良好的戒酒依赖男性的灰质和白质体积进行了评估。他们的执行表现通过神经心理测试进行了评估。在检测到体积差异的区域进行回归分析。酒精依赖者双侧额叶皮质背外侧的灰质减少(最多减少20%)，在颞叶皮质、脑岛、丘脑和小脑的灰质减少程度较小。白质体积的减少是普遍的，可达10%。与额叶、脑岛、海马体、丘脑、小脑灰质体积减少和脑干白质减少相关的神经心理功能减退。第一次饮酒的早期年龄与小脑、脑干(脑干)和额叶区域的灰质体积减少有关。尽管脱毒患者保留了社会和躯体功能，但灰质和白质体积的局部改变与执行功能的损害有关。除了涉及额叶区域，这些发现与酒精依赖者执行功能受损的小脑-丘脑-大脑皮层模型一致。
The extent of structural brain damage and related cognitive deficits has been little described in alcohol-dependent individuals with preserved social functioning. Thus, we investigated the relationship between regional alterations, executive performance, and drinking history. Volumes of gray and white matter were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging voxel-based morphometry in healthy men and in detoxified alcohol-dependent men with good psychosocial functioning. Their executive performance was assessed using neuropsychological tests. Regression analyses were carried out in the regions in which volume differences were detected. Decreases in gray matter were detected bilaterally in alcohol-dependents in the dorsolateral frontal cortex (up to 20% lower), and to a lesser extent in the temporal cortex, insula, thalamus, and cerebellum. Decreases in white matter volume were widespread, being up to 10% in corpus callosum. The degradation of neuropsychological performance correlated with gray matter volume decreases in the frontal lobe, insula, hippocampus, thalami and cerebellum, and with white matter decrease in the brainstem. An early age at first drinking was associated with decreased gray matter volumes in the cerebellum, brainstem (pons), and frontal regions. Regional alteration in gray and white matter volume was associated with impairment of executive function despite preserved social and somatic functioning in detoxified patients. Besides involving frontal regions, these findings are consistent with a cerebello-thalamo-cortical model of impaired executive functions in alcohol-dependent individuals.