Circular economy fertilization: Testing micro and macro algal species as soil improvers and nutrient sources for crop production in greenhouse and field conditions
Circular economy fertilization: Testing micro and macro algal species as soil improvers and nutrient sources for crop production in greenhouse and field conditions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.07.049
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发表时间：
2019-01-15
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Pandhal, Jagroop
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alobwede, Emanga;Leake, Jonathan R.;Pandhal, Jagroop
从农田到淡水和海洋环境的养分流失造成了富营养化，并往往导致藻类大量繁殖。然而，在“循环经济”中，将这种藻类生物质回收回农业用地以改善土壤质量和作物营养的潜在好处却很少受到关注。我们测试了藻类添加到温室种植的豌豆和春小麦的农田土壤中对植物生长和营养以及土壤理化性质的影响。在温室中以0.2、2和4 g kg（-1）的剂量和在田间以24 g m2的剂量施用了元素组成形成对比的五种藻类的代表。这些包括蓝藻节旋藻（螺旋藻），单细胞绿色藻类小球藻，红色海藻Palmaria palmata和棕色海藻Laminaria digitata和Ascophyllum nodoswn。在温室中，在最高施用量（4 g kg（-1））下，小球藻，螺旋藻能提高土壤全氮和速效磷含量，并能提高土壤硝态氮含量。palmata和L.毛地黄显著增加了土壤无机（NH 4+和NO3-）浓度。施用小球藻能显著提高土壤全磷、全氮、全碳、速效磷和铵态氮含量，提高豌豆产量。土壤水稳性团聚体在温室和田间试验中均未受到藻类添加的影响。在野外，小球藻（Chlorella sp. Spirulina）、掌小球藻（P. palmata）和小球藻（L.毛地黄）增加了土壤无机氮浓度，证实了它们将可矿化氮再循环到农业土壤中的潜力，但在所测试的施用量下没有发现对小麦产量的显著影响。
Nutrient losses from agricultural land to freshwater and marine environments contribute to eutrophication and often to the growth of algal blooms. However, the potential benefits of recycling this algal biomass back to agricultural land for soil quality and crop nutrition in a "circular-economy" has received little attention. We tested the effects of algal additions to arable soil in greenhouse-grown garden peas, and field plots of spring wheat, on plant growth and nutrition and physical and chemical properties of the soil. Representatives of five algal species, which contrasted in elemental composition, were applied at 0.2, 2 and 4 g kg(-1) in the greenhouse and at 24 g m(2) in the field. These included the cyanobacteria Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina), the unicellular green algae Chlorella sp., the red seaweed Palmaria palmata, and the brown seaweeds Laminaria digitata and Ascophyllum nodoswn. In the greenhouse at the highest application rates (4 g kg(-1)), Chlorella sp., and Spirulina increased soil total nitrogen and available phosphorus, and Spirulina also increased soil nitrate concentrations. P. palmata and L. digitata significantly increased soil inorganic (NH4+ and NO3-) concentrations under all three application rates. Chlorella sp. significantly increased soil total P, N and C, available P, NH4+-N, and pea yield. Soil water-stable aggregates were unchanged by the algal additions in both the greenhouse and field study. In the field, 4 species (Chlorella sp. Spirulina, P. palmata and L. digitata) increased soil inorganic nitrogen concentrations, confirming their potential to recycle mineralizable nitrogen to agricultural soils, but no significant effects were found on wheat yields under the application rates tested.