Key Steps in the Evolution of Mammalian Movement: A Prolegomenal Essay.
Key Steps in the Evolution of Mammalian Movement: A Prolegomenal Essay.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.020
复制
发表时间：
2020-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Brownstone RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brownstone RM
几个进化步骤导致了社会行为所需的脊椎动物运动的出现。下行系统依赖于不同的脊髓神经元来产生丰富的运动音节。脊索和脑室带导致了这种神经元类型的多样性。交感神经系统为恒温吸热提供了底物。恒温吸热是力量、速度和耐力的必要组成部分。丰富多彩的动作构成了哺乳动物复杂的社会互动的基础。这些动作的积木或音节是由脊髓回路产生的，脊髓回路由不同类型的神经元组成，控制由多节肢体组成的肌肉骨骼系统。总而言之，这些系统为哺乳动物提供了力量、速度和耐力等进化优势。在这里，我认为导致这些特征的脊索进化的关键步骤始于脊索和增殖性脑室区的发展(伴随着相关的Notch信号)。这一步骤导致了不同类型神经元的产生，其中包括交感神经系统的发展，可以调节不断演变的心血管系统。交感神经系统反过来导致恒温吸热的发展，这是一种要求运动系统产生力量、速度和耐力的组合。此外，脊髓连续结构的进化不仅导致了一种适合笛卡尔信号分子的结构，还导致了一种具有高处理能力的结构，其中形成了影响运动音节的电路。这些音节被神经系统的高级区域利用，以产生与他人和周围环境互动所需的复杂动作。
Several evolutionary steps led to the emergence of vertebrate movement needed for social behaviour. Descending systems rely on diverse spinal cord neurons to produce a rich repertoire of movement syllables. The notochord and ventricular zone led to this diversity of neuronal types. The sympathetic nervous system provided the substrate for homeothermic endothermy. Homeothermic endothermy is a necessary building block for power, speed, and endurance. Rich repertoires of movements underlie the complex social interactions of mammals. The building blocks, or syllables, of these movements are produced by spinal cord circuits that are comprised of diverse neuronal types that control musculoskeletal systems comprised of multi-segmented limbs. Together, these systems provide mammals with the evolutionary advantages of power, speed, and endurance. Here, I propose that the key steps in chordate evolution that led to these traits began with the development of the notochord and a proliferative ventricular zone (with associated Notch signalling). This step led to the production of diverse neuronal types that included the development of a sympathetic nervous system that could regulate the evolving cardiovascular system. And the sympathetic nervous system in turn led to the development of homeothermic endothermy, a requirement for motor systems to produce a combination of power, speed, and endurance. Furthermore, the evolution of the continuous structure of the spinal cord led not only to a structure fit for cartesian signalling molecules, but also to one with high processing power in which circuits for effecting movement syllables formed. These syllables are harnessed by higher regions of nervous systems to produce the complex movements required for interactions with others and with the surrounding environment.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Dickson, KA;Graham, JB
通讯作者：
Graham, JB
影响因子：
--
作者：
Appel B;Givan LA;Eisen JS
通讯作者：
Eisen JS
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Haeming, Daniela;Simoes-Costa, Marcos;Bronner-Fraser, Marianne
通讯作者：
Bronner-Fraser, Marianne
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
BENNETT, AF;RUBEN, JA
通讯作者：
RUBEN, JA
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Kuntz, A
通讯作者：
Kuntz, A