Friend or foe? Biological and ecological traits of the European ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in its native environment.
Friend or foe? Biological and ecological traits of the European ash dieback pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in its native environment.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep21895
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发表时间：
2016-02-22
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Stenlid J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cleary M;Nguyen D;Marčiulynienė D;Berlin A;Vasaitis R;Stenlid J
对俄罗斯远东滨海地区原产水曲柳（Fraxinus manshurica）树的主要病原菌、引种子囊菌Hymenoscyphus fraxineus进行了调查。这一证据是首次报道在健康、无症状的水曲树上发现水曲树精。高通量测序结果显示，水曲柳叶片有49个不同的真菌类群，其中12个已鉴定到种水平。尽管在地理上距离较远，但层球真菌组合在不同地点之间相似。根据以往的研究，俄罗斯远东地区mandshurica叶面真菌群落的许多生物与居住在欧洲的F. excelsior具有相似性。然而，分枝杆菌属（Mycosphaerella sp.）是本研究中最优势的种，几乎在所有样品中都检测到，仅与F. mandshurica相关。远东俄罗斯人群的遗传多样性明显高于欧洲人群。与其在欧洲对黄曲霉的攻击行为相反，黄曲霉似乎是本土水曲霉的良性伙伴，在活跃的宿主定植之前，在健康的树木中诱导静止和无症状的感染，通常与衰老期间宿主组织的修饰有关。
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, an introduced ascomycete fungus and primary causal agent of European ash dieback, was investigated on Fraxinus mandshurica trees in its native range in Primorye region of Far East Russia. This evidence is the first report of H. fraxineus on healthy, asymptomatic F. mandshurica trees. High-throughput sequencing revealed 49 distinct fungal taxa associated with leaves of F. mandshurica, 12 of which were identified to species level. Phyllosphere fungal assemblages were similar among sites despite being largely geographically distant. Many organisms comprising the foliar fungal community on F. mandshurica in Far East Russia have similarity to those reported inhabiting F. excelsior in Europe based on previous studies. However, Mycosphaerella sp., the most dominant species in this study and detected in nearly all samples, was associated only with F. mandshurica. Genetic diversity of H. fraxineus was significantly higher in the Far East Russian population than in Europe. In contrast to its aggressive behaviour on Fraxinus excelsior in Europe, H. fraxineus appears to be a benign associate of indigenous F. mandshurica that initially induces quiescent and asymptomatic infections in healthy trees prior to active host colonization normally associated with modification of host tissue during senescence.