Welfare, Wealth, and Sustainability
Welfare, Wealth, and Sustainability
复制标题
福利、财富和可持续发展
DOI：
10.1146/annurev-resource-100815-095351
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
A. Randall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Irwin;S. Gopalakrishnan;A. Randall
对气候变化和非线性过程可能造成的巨大损害的日益关注，强调了对经济进行有意义的可持续性评估的必要性。经济学家在弱可持续性范式的基础上开发了严格的方法来概念化可持续性，它依赖于可再生资本，可再生资源和可耗尽自然资源之间的广泛替代。相反，强可持续性强调这种替代的物理限制以及维持正常功能的生物物理过程弹性的重要性。资源和环境经济学的最新进展表明，将强大的可持续性特征（包括临界点、不确定性和复原力）纳入评估效率和最佳政策的可行性。鉴于弱可持续性和跨期效率共享福利理论基础，我们问：这些方法在多大程度上可以应用于评估可持续性？我们重点介绍了近期在评估不完善经济体的可持续性和嵌入强可持续性特征的跨期福利动态模型方面的工作。
Growing concerns over climate change and the potential for large damages due to nonlinear processes underscore the need for a meaningful sustainability assessment of an economy. Economists have developed rigorous approaches to conceptualizing sustainability based on the paradigm of weak sustainability, which relies on extensive substitution among reproducible capital, renewable resources, and exhaustible natural resources. In contrast, strong sustainability emphasizes physical limits to this substitution and the importance of maintaining the resilience of normally functioning biophysical processes. Recent progress in resource and environmental economics has demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating strong sustainability features, including tipping points, uncertainties, and resilience, to assess efficiency and optimal policies. Given that weak sustainability and intertemporal efficiency share a welfare theoretic foundation, we ask: To what extent can these approaches be applied to evaluate sustainability? We highlight recent work on assessing sustainability in imperfect economies and dynamic models of intertemporal welfare that embed strong sustainability features.